Pushing Electrons
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133951889
Author: Weeks, Daniel P.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 7EQ
One structure for the acetoxonium ion is
Clearly, the receptor is the positively charged
structure (4) is obtained in which the oxygen possesses a formal positive charge but, in addition, both the oxygen and the carbon atom lack a stable octet. This structure will be very unstable. Structure (4), despite the fact that it can be generated by properly pushing electrons, is not included in the resonance hybrid for the acetoxonium ion. If, on the other hand, the unshared electrons on the oxygen are pushed, a more acceptable structure is obtained, namely,
In structure (5) the oxygen atom possesses a formal positive charge, and both the carbon and the oxygen atom have a stable octet. Structure (5) is included in the resonance hybrid.
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Match each of the following with its correct answer
in the lewis structure for the CS, molecule, the number of unshared pairs of electrons
on the central carbon is:
The number of Tt bond (s) in the Lewis structure of NO- is
An electron in the n= 6 level in hydrogen atomlemits a photon with a wavelength of
93.8 nm. To what energy level does the electron move
The formal charge on nitrogen in the Lewis structure of NO+ is
Ch
The formal charge on oxygen in the Lewis structure of NO+ is
Cho
POCOPHONE
SHOT ON POCOPHONE F1
Resonance Forms
Question (b) Draw two resonance forms for nitrite ion, NO2−. What can yousay about the geometry of this molecule (linear or bent)?
(Hint: Consider the effect of electron repulsion exerted by the lone pair on nitrogen.)
(c) The possibility of valence-shell expansion increases the number of feasibleresonance forms, and it is often difficult to decide on one that is “best.” Onecriterion that is used is whether the Lewis structure predicts bond lengths andbond angles with reasonable accuracy. Draw Lewis octet and valence-shellexpanded resonance forms for SO2(OSO).
Considering the Lewis structure for SO (Exercise 1-8), its experimental bond length of1.48Å, and the measured S–O distance in SO2 of 1.43Å, which one of the various structures would you consider “best”.
Explain your answer in depth, clarity and with details and in a step-by-step fashion.
Some chemists believe that satisfaction of the octet rule should be the top criterion
for choosing the dominant Lewis structure of a molecule or ion. Other chemists
believe that achieving the best formal charges should be the top criterion.
Consider the dihydrogen phosphate ion, HaPO, , in which the H atoms are bonded
to O atoms. (a) What is the predicted dominant Lewis structure if satisfying the
octet rule is the top eriterion? (b) What is the predicted dominant Lewis structure if
achieving the best formal charges is the top criterion?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Pushing Electrons
Ch. 2 - One Lewis structure for the 2-butenyl cation is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2EQCh. 2 - One structure for the conjugate acid of acetone...Ch. 2 - Similarly, a resonance structure for the conjugate...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5EQCh. 2 - Pairs of unshared electrons can be pushed. One...Ch. 2 - One structure for the acetoxonium ion is Clearly,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 8EQCh. 2 - There are no important resonance structures for...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10EQ
Ch. 2 - Prob. 11EQCh. 2 - Prob. 12EQCh. 2 - Prob. 13EQCh. 2 - Prob. 14EQCh. 2 - Prob. 15EQCh. 2 - Prob. 16EQCh. 2 - Prob. 17EQCh. 2 - The cyclohexane carboxylate anion has a Lewis...Ch. 2 - One Lewis structure for the enolate anion of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 20EQCh. 2 - Prob. 21EQCh. 2 - Prob. 22EQCh. 2 - Prob. 23EQCh. 2 - Prob. 24EQCh. 2 - Prob. 25EQCh. 2 - Prob. 26EQCh. 2 - Prob. 27EQCh. 2 - Prob. 28EQ
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