Chemical Principles
Chemical Principles
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305581982
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 2, Problem 66AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The smaller parts to which atoms can be broken need to be determined.

Concept Introduction: The atomic model defines atom as a smallest part but according to the modern atomic theory, atoms can be divided. The subatomic particles are protons, electrons and neutrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The difference and similarity between the atoms of hydrogen element needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: According to atomic theory, atoms of same elements have similar properties. The modern atomic theory, introduced the concept of isotopes. The isotope is defined as atoms of same element with different number of neutrons. For them, atomic number is same but mass number is different.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The difference and similarity between the atom of hydrogen and helium needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction: According to atomic theory, two atoms of different elements have different properties.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The difference between hydrogen peroxide and water needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: According to law of multiple proportions, two elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The reason for mass to be conserved in a chemical reaction needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction: According to law of conservation of mass, it can neither be created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemical Principles

Ch. 2 - What refinements had to be made in Dalton’s...Ch. 2 - Which (if any) of the following can be determined...Ch. 2 - The average mass of a carbon atom is 12.011....Ch. 2 - Which of the following explain how an ion is...Ch. 2 - Prob. 15DQCh. 2 - Prob. 16DQCh. 2 - Why is calcium dichloride not the correct...Ch. 2 - Explain the law of conservation of mass, the law...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19ECh. 2 - When mixtures of gaseous H2 and gaseous Cl2 react,...Ch. 2 - Observations of the reaction between nitrogen gas...Ch. 2 - Prob. 22ECh. 2 - Hydrazine, ammonia, and hydrogen azide all contain...Ch. 2 - Consider 80.0-g samples of two different compounds...Ch. 2 - Early tables of atomic weights (masses) were...Ch. 2 - What evidence led to the conclusion that cathode...Ch. 2 - Prob. 27ECh. 2 - Prob. 28ECh. 2 - A chemist in a galaxy far, far away performed the...Ch. 2 - Do the proton and the neutron have exactly the...Ch. 2 - Consider Ernest Rutherford’s a-particle...Ch. 2 - Distinguish between the following terms. a....Ch. 2 - What is the distinction between atomic number and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 34ECh. 2 - a. List the noble gas elements. Which of the noble...Ch. 2 - Consider the elements of the carbon family: C, Si,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2 - The number of protons in an atom determines the...Ch. 2 - For lighter, stable isotopes, the ratio of the...Ch. 2 - For each of the following sets of elements, label...Ch. 2 - Prob. 41ECh. 2 - Write the atomic symbol (ZAX) for each of the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 43ECh. 2 - Prob. 44ECh. 2 - Prob. 45ECh. 2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2 - Would you expect each of the following atoms to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2 - The compounds AlCl3,CrCl3,andICl3 have similar...Ch. 2 - Each of the following compounds has three...Ch. 2 - Prob. 51ECh. 2 - Prob. 52ECh. 2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2 - Prob. 54ECh. 2 - Prob. 55ECh. 2 - Prob. 56ECh. 2 - Prob. 57ECh. 2 - Prob. 58ECh. 2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2 - Prob. 60ECh. 2 - Prob. 61ECh. 2 - Prob. 62AECh. 2 - Prob. 63AECh. 2 - What discoveries were made by J. J. Thomson,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 65AECh. 2 - Prob. 66AECh. 2 - A sample of chloroform is found to contain 12.0 g...Ch. 2 - In a reaction, 34.0 g of chromium(III) oxide...Ch. 2 - Prob. 69AECh. 2 - Prob. 70AECh. 2 - Prob. 71AECh. 2 - Prob. 72AECh. 2 - Prob. 73AECh. 2 - Prob. 74AECh. 2 - Prob. 75AECh. 2 - Prob. 76AECh. 2 - Prob. 77AECh. 2 - Prob. 78AECh. 2 - Prob. 79AECh. 2 - Identify each of the following elements. a. a...Ch. 2 - A certain element has only two naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - Prob. 82AECh. 2 - Which of the following is(are) correct? a. 40Ca2+...Ch. 2 - Prob. 84AECh. 2 - Prob. 85AECh. 2 - Complete the following table to predict whether...Ch. 2 - Which of the following statements is(are) correct?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 88CPCh. 2 - Each of the statements below is true, but Dalton...Ch. 2 - You take three compounds, each consisting of two...Ch. 2 - Two elements, R and Q, combine to form two...Ch. 2 - A single molecule has a mass of 7.3110223g ....Ch. 2 - A combustion reaction involves the reaction of a...Ch. 2 - You have two distinct gaseous compounds made from...Ch. 2 - You have gone back in time and are working with...
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