Concept explainers
Elite Realty acts as an agent in buying, selling, renting, and managing real estate. The unadjusted
The following business transactions were completed by Elite Realty during April 2019:
Apr. 1. Paid rent on office for month, $6,500.
2. Purchased office supplies on account, $2,300.
5. Paid insurance premiums, $6,000.
10. Received cash from clients on account, $52,300.
15. Purchased land for a future building site for $200,000, paying $30,000 in cash and giving a note payable for the remainder.
17. Paid creditors on account, $6,450.
20. Returned a portion of the office supplies purchased on April 2, receiving full credit for their cost, $325.
23. Paid advertising expense, $4,300.
Enter the following transactions on Page 19 of the two-column journal:
27. Discovered an error in computing a commission; received cash from the salesperson for the overpayment, $2,500.
28. Paid automobile expense (including rental charges for an automobile), $1,500.
29. Paid miscellaneous expenses, $1,400.
30. Recorded revenue earned and billed to clients during the month, $57,000.
30. Paid salaries and commissions for the month, $11,900.
30. Withdrew cash for personal use, $4,000.
30. Rented land purchased on April 15 to local merchants association for use as a parking lot in May and June, during a street rebuilding program; received advance payment of $10,000.
Instructions
- 1. Record the April 1, 2019, balance of each account in the appropriate balance column of a four-column account, write Balance in the item section, and place a check mark (✓) in the Posting Reference column.
- 2. Journalize the transactions for April in a two-column journal beginning on Page 18.
Journal entry explanations may be omitted. - 3. Post to the ledger, extending the account balance to the appropriate balance column after each posting.
- 4. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance of the ledger as of April 30, 2019.
- 5. Assume that the April 30 transaction for salaries and commissions should have been $19,100. (a) Why did the unadjusted trial balance in (4) balance? (b) Journalize the correcting entry. (c) Is this error a transposition or slide?
(2) and (3)
Journalize the transactions of April in a two column journal beginning on page 18.
Explanation of Solution
Journal:
Journal is the book of original entry. Journal consists of the day today financial transactions in a chronological order. The journal has two aspects; they are debit aspect and the credit aspect.
Rules of debit and credit:
“An increase in an asset account, an increase in an expense account, a decrease in liability account, and a decrease in a revenue account should be debited.
Similarly, an increase in liability account, an increase in a revenue account and a decrease in an asset account, a decrease in an expenses account should be credited”.
Journalize the transactions of April in a two column journal beginning on page 18.
Journal Page 18 | |||||
Date | Description | Post. Ref | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |
2019 | Rent expense | 52 | 6,500 | ||
April | 1 | Cash | 11 | 6,500 | |
(To record the payment of rent) | |||||
2 | Office supplies | 14 | 2,300 | ||
Accounts payable | 21 | 2,300 | |||
(To record the purchase of supplies of account) | |||||
5 | Prepaid insurance | 13 | 6,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 6,000 | |||
(To record the payment of insurance premium) | |||||
10 | Cash | 11 | 52,300 | ||
Accounts receivable | 12 | 52,300 | |||
(To record the receipt of cash from clients) | |||||
15 | Land | 16 | 200,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 30,000 | |||
Notes payable | 23 | 170,000 | |||
(To record the purchase of land party for cash and party on signing a note) | |||||
17 | Accounts payable | 21 | 6,450 | ||
Cash | 11 | 6,450 | |||
(To record the payment made to creditors on account) | |||||
20 | Accounts payable | 21 | 325 | ||
Office supplies | 14 | 325 | |||
(To record the payment made to creditors on account) | |||||
23 | Advertising expense | 53 | 4,300 | ||
Cash | 11 | 4,300 | |||
(To record the payment of advertising expense) |
Table (1)
Journal Page 19 | |||||
Date | Description | Post. Ref | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |
2019 | Cash | 52 | 2,500 | ||
April | 27 | Salary and commission expense | 11 | 2,500 | |
(To record the receipt of cash) | |||||
28 | Automobile expense | 54 | 1,500 | ||
Cash | 11 | 1,500 | |||
(To record the payment made for automobile expense) | |||||
29 | Miscellaneous expense | 59 | 1,400 | ||
Cash | 11 | 1,400 | |||
(To record the payment made for Miscellaneous expense) | |||||
30 | Accounts receivable | 12 | 57,000 | ||
Fees earned | 41 | 57,000 | |||
(To record the revenue earned and billed) | |||||
30 | Salary and commission expense | 51 | 11,900 | ||
Cash | 11 | 11,900 | |||
(To record the payment made for salary and commission expense) | |||||
30 | L’s Drawing | 32 | 4,000 | ||
Cash | 11 | 4,000 | |||
(To record the drawing made for personal use) | |||||
30 | Cash | 11 | 10,000 | ||
Unearned rent | 22 | 10,000 | |||
(To record the cash received for the service yet to be provide) |
Table (2)
(1) and (3)
Record the beginning balances of each accounts in the appropriate balance column of a four-column account, and post them to the ledger extending the account balance to the appropriate balance column after each posting.
Explanation of Solution
T-account:
An account is referred to as a T-account, because the alignment of the components of the account resembles the capital letter ‘T’. An account consists of the three main components which are as follows:
- The title of the account.
- The left or debit side.
- The right or credit side.
Account: Cash Account no. 11 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 26,300 | |||
1 | 18 | 6,500 | 19,800 | ||||
5 | 18 | 6,000 | 13,800 | ||||
10 | 18 | 52,300 | 66,100 | ||||
15 | 18 | 30,000 | 36,100 | ||||
17 | 18 | 6,450 | 29,650 | ||||
23 | 18 | 4,300 | 25,350 | ||||
27 | 19 | 2,500 | 27,850 | ||||
28 | 19 | 1,500 | 26,350 | ||||
29 | 19 | 1,400 | 24,950 | ||||
30 | 19 | 11,900 | 13,050 | ||||
30 | 19 | 4,000 | 9,050 | ||||
30 | 19 | 10,000 | 19,050 |
Table (3)
Account: Accounts Receivable Account no. 12 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 61,500 | |||
10 | 18 | 52,300 | 9,200 | ||||
30 | 19 | 57,000 | 66,200 |
Table (4)
Account: Prepaid Insurance Account no. 13 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 3,000 | |||
5 | 18 | 6,000 | 9,000 |
Table (5)
Account: Office Supplies Account no. 14 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 1,800 | |||
2 | 18 | 2,300 | 4,100 | ||||
20 | 18 | 325 | 3,775 |
Table (6)
Account: Land Account no. 16 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 15 | 18 | 200,000 | 200,000 |
Table (7)
Account: Accounts Payable Account no. 21 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 14,000 | |||
2 | 18 | 2,300 | 16,300 | ||||
17 | 18 | 6,450 | 9,850 | ||||
20 | 18 | 325 | 9,525 |
Table (8)
Account: Unearned Rent Account no. 22 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 30 | 19 | 10,000 | 10,000 |
Table (9)
Account: Notes Payable Account no. 23 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 15 | 18 | 170,000 | 170,000 |
Table (10)
Account: Capital Account no. 31 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 46,000 |
Table (11)
Account: Drawing Account no. 32 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 2,000 | |||
30 | 19 | 4,000 | 6,000 |
Table (12)
Account: Fees earned Account no. 41 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 240,000 | |||
30 | 19 | 57,000 | 297,000 |
Table (13)
Account: Salary and commission expense Account no. 51 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 148,200 | |||
27 | 19 | 2,500 | 145,700 | ||||
30 | 19 | 11,900 | 157,600 |
Table (14)
Account: Rent expense Account no. 52 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 30,000 | |||
1 | 18 | 6,500 | 36,500 |
Table (15)
Account: Advertising expense Account no. 53 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 17,800 | |||
23 | 18 | 4,300 | 22,100 |
Table (16)
Account: Automobile expense Account no. 54 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 5,500 | |||
28 | 19 | 1,500 | 7,000 |
Table (17)
Account: Miscellaneous expense Account no. 59 | |||||||
Date | Item | Post. Ref |
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | Balance | ||
Debit ($) | Credit ($) | ||||||
2019 | |||||||
April | 1 | Balance | ✓ | 3,900 | |||
29 | 19 | 1,400 | 5,300 |
Table (18)
(4)
Prepare an unadjusted trial balance of Company E at April 30, 2019.
Explanation of Solution
Unadjusted trial balance:
The unadjusted trial balance is the summary of all the ledger accounts that appears on the ledger accounts before making adjusting journal entries.
Prepare an unadjusted trial balance of Company E at April 30, 2019 as follows:
Company E Unadjusted Trial Balance April 30, 2019 | |||
Particulars |
Account No. | Debit $ | Credit $ |
Cash | 11 | 19,050 | |
Accounts receivable | 12 | 66,200 | |
Prepaid insurance | 13 | 9,000 | |
Office supplies | 14 | 3,775 | |
Land | 16 | 200,000 | |
Accounts payable | 21 | 9,525 | |
Unearned rent | 22 | 10,000 | |
Notes payable | 23 | 170,000 | |
Capital | 31 | 46,000 | |
Drawings | 32 | 6,000 | |
Fees earned | 41 | 297,000 | |
Salaries and commission expense | 51 | 157,600 | |
Rent expense | 52 | 36,500 | |
Advertising expense | 53 | 22,100 | |
Automobile expense | 54 | 7,000 | |
Miscellaneous expense | 59 | 53,000 | |
Total | 532,525 | 532,525 |
Table (19)
The debit column and credit column of the unadjusted trial balance are agreed, both having balance of $532,525.
(5)
(A)
Explain whether the unadjusted trial balance in (4) balance.
Explanation of Solution
The unadjusted trial balance in (4) would still balance, since the debit equalized the credit in the original journal entry.
(B)
Journalize the correcting entry.
Explanation of Solution
The Correcting entry is as follows:
Journal Page 19 | |||||
Date | Description | Post. Ref | Debit ($) | Credit ($) | |
2019 | Salary and commission expense | 51 | 7,200 | ||
April | 30 | Cash | 11 | 7,200 | |
(To record the correcting entry) |
Table (20)
Working notes:
(C)
Identify whether the error made is a slide or transposition.
Explanation of Solution
Transposition error: At the time of posting a transaction when two digits of numbers are transposed, in such case the transposition error occurs.
Slide error: A slide error occurs, when the decimal point of an amount has been misplaced.
The account balance recorded as $11,900 instead of $19,100 is a transposition error. Since the two digits of the numbers are transposed.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Financial Accounting
- Blue Company, an architectural firm, has a bookkeeper who maintains a cash receipts and disbursements journal. At the end of the year (2019), the company hires you to convert the cash receipts and disbursements into accrual basis revenues and expenses. The total cash receipts are summarized as follows. The accounts receivable from customers at the end of the year are 120,000. You note that the accounts receivable at the beginning of the year were 190,000. The cash sales included 30,000 of prepayments for services to be provided over the period January 1, 2019, through December 31, 2021. a. Compute the companys accrual basis gross income for 2019. b. Would you recommend that Blue use the cash method or the accrual method? Why? c. The company does not maintain an allowance for uncollectible accounts. Would you recommend that such an allowance be established for tax purposes? Explain.arrow_forwardPlease help mearrow_forwardCharles Whyte commenced business on May 1 2019, making up his accounts to September 30 annually. The statement of the Profit or Loss Account for the first 17 months ended September 30,2020 is as follows: Gross Profit Less: Repairs and maintenance. Local transport and travelling Salaries and wages Provision for bad debts Preliminary expenses Depreciation Bank interest and charges Legal and professional charges General expenses (Allowable) Clearing expense on motor vehicle Bad debt Amounts written off Loan to absconded employee (ii) (iii) (iv) (1) You are also given the following additional information. Bad debt £ (v) £'000 30/10/2018 1/1/2019 1/5/2019 1,500 2,450 6,500 1,350 960 1,630 1,520 1,380 1,870 685 2,800 Building Motor Vehicle Furniture and fittings Legal and professional charges were: Salaries and wages: The following qualifying capital expenditures were acquired on: Fines for contravention of the law Legal expenses for tax appeal Audit and accountancy charges £'000 19,300…arrow_forward
- Compound journal entries. The following transactions took place at the Cook Employment Agency during November 2019. Record the general journal entries that would be made for these transactions. Use a compound entry for each transaction. DATE Nov. in 5 18 23 TRANSACTIONS Performed services for Job Search, Inc., for $20,000; received $9,500 in cash and the client promised to pay the balance in 60 days. Purchased a graphing calculator for $450 and some supplies for $600 from Office Supply; issued Check 1008 for the total. Received Invoice 1602 for $2,500 from Automotive Technicians Repair for repairs to the firm's automobile; issued Check 1009 for half the amount and arranged to pay the other half in 30 days.arrow_forwardThe following are some of the transactions made by Luigi Gomez Cleaners during 2020: Apr. 1 Acquired cleaning supplies in the amount of P260,000. A count of the supplies on Dec. 31, 2020 Aug. 1 Received P360,000 from Cebu Manpower for cleaning janitorial uniforms over the next 3 years. Nov. 1 Paid P240,000 for annual rent. Required: 1. Assume that Gomez records these transactions using the following accounts, record the adjusting entries on Dec. 31, 2020: a. Office Supplies b. Prepaid Rent c. Unearned Cleaning Revenues 2. Now, assume that Gomez records these transactions using the following accounts, what will be the adjusting entries on Dec. 31, 2020? a. Office Supplies Expense b. Rent Expense c. Cleaning Revenues 3. If Gomez were to use reversing entries, which set of entries, (1) or (2), would have to be reversed? Why?arrow_forwardWhat amount of rental revenue should YELLOW record for 2021?arrow_forward
- Given below is a list of transactions relating to the stationery business of Aryan & Co. for the year ending March 31, 2020. You are required to journalize the transactions, create the ledger accounts and prepare the trial balance. Date Particulars Amount 1st Apr, 19 Capital contributed by Aryan 1,00,000 3rd Apr,19 Purchases from Kabir & Co. 200 pens of Rs. 80 each 100 copies of Rs. 40 each 5th Apr, 19 Purchased Furniture 30,000 7th Apr, 19 Deposited in Bank 50,000 10th Apr, 19 Paid Salaries 15,000 15th Apr, 19 Cash purchases made 20,000 20th Apr, 19 Sold goods to Mr. Rohit & Co.500 pens of Rs. 125 each; 250 copies of Rs 110 each 22nd Apr, 19 Returned to Kabir & Co. 20 pens 15 copies 30th Apr, 19 Issued a cheque to Kabir & Co. in full settlement of their account 5th May, 19 Received cash Rs 5,000 and cheque for Rs 10,000 from Rohit & Co. The cheque was deposited in…arrow_forwardJennifer’s Landscaping Services signed a $400-per-month contract on November 1, 2019, toprovide plant watering services for Lola Inc.’s office buildings. Jennifer’s received 4 months’service fees in advance on signing the contract.Required:1. Prepare Jennifer’s journal entry to record the cash receipt for the first 4 months.2. Prepare Jennifer’s adjusting entry at December 31, 2019.3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION How would the advance payment [account(s) and amount(s)]be reported in Jennifer’s December 31, 2019, balance sheet? How would the advance payment[account(s) and amount(s)] be reported in Lola’s December 31, 2019, balance sheet?arrow_forwardJournal entries and trial balanceElite Realty acts as an agent in buying, selling, renting, and managingreal estate. The unadjusted trial balance on March 31, 2019, follows: (attached) The attached business transactions were completed by Elite Realtyduring April 2019: Instructions1. Record the April 1, 2019, balance of each account in the appropriatebalance column of a four-column account, write Balance in the itemsection, and place a check mark () in the Posting Reference column. 2. Journalize the transactions for April in a two-column journalbeginning on Page 18. Journal entry explanations may be omitted.3. Post to the ledger, extending the account balance to the appropriatebalance column after each posting.4. Prepare an unadjusted trial balance of the ledger as of April 30, 2019. 5. Assume that the April 30 transaction for salaries and commissionsshould have been $19,100. (a) Why did the unadjusted trial balance in (4)balance? (b) Journalize the correcting entry. (c) Is this error…arrow_forward
- Donald , owner of Dallas Company , begin accounting for bad debts expense . Assume that Dallas Company has total revenues of $ 158,000 during 2019 and the Accounts Receivable balance on December31 2019 , is $ 84,000Assume that Dallas Company has one account receivable of $ 6,850 determined to be uncollectable , what journal entrymadewrite off the uncollectable account ?arrow_forwardDirections: Do the task listed below using the transactions of Matapang Company for December 2019. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. 1. Prepare the journal entries. 2. Post each transaction to its ledger account. 3. Prepare the trial balance. 4. Use the provided account numbers. Ralph Matapang established Happy Repair Business. The following are the transactions for the month of December 2019. Dec. 1 He invested P150,000 in the firm. He paid P8,000 for monthly rent. He bought supplies on account amounting to P7,200. He purchased office equipment amounting to P75,000, paid P37,000 and the balance on account. 2. 2. 3. He paid accounts payable for supplies purchased worth P7,200. He paid P6,000 for the salary of an employee. 8. 14. 20. He received P20,000 for services rendered. 28. He billed clients P48,000 for services on account. 31. Matapang withdrew P12,000 for his personal use. 101 Cash 302 Matapang, Drawings 102 Accounts Receivable 401 Service Revenue 501 Salaries…arrow_forwardSuysan Company owns an office building and leases the office under a variety of rental agreements involving rent paid in advance monthly or annually. Not all tenants make timely payments of their rent. Suysan’s balance sheets contained the following data: 2018 Rental Receivable: P192,000 2019 Rental Receivable: P248,000 2018 Unearned Rentals: P640,000 2019 Unearned Rentals: P480,000 During 2019, Suysan received P1,600,000 from tenants. What amount of rental revenues should Suysan record for 2019? P1,708,000 P1,332,000 P1,816,000 P1,440,000arrow_forward
- Financial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337272124Author:Carl Warren, James M. Reeve, Jonathan DuchacPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Accounting Volume 1AccountingISBN:9781947172685Author:OpenStaxPublisher:OpenStax College
- Century 21 Accounting Multicolumn JournalAccountingISBN:9781337679503Author:GilbertsonPublisher:CengageIndividual Income TaxesAccountingISBN:9780357109731Author:HoffmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT