Explanation The stability of half filled orbitals depends on the following parameters: Symmetry Exchange of energy An orbital will be stable if it is more symmetrical. The half-filled orbitals are more symmetrical because their electrons spins are aligned. Hence, half-filled orbitals with electrons are particularly stable. The stability of orbitals depends on exchange of position by electrons in same sub-shells. More exchange in position leads to decrease in energy and vice versa. The number of exchanges takes place in the half-filled orbitals and is maximum, which means exchange energy is maximum and hence maximum stability. Consider an example of copper. Its eletronic configuration is 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6

2nd Edition

ISBN: 9781305079243

Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher: Cengage Learning

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Chapter 2, Problem 29Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reason that half filled sub shells are stable is to be given.

Concept introduction:

The half filled sub shells are those sub-shells which are singly occupied by electrons and have spins in same direction. The stability of this sub shell depends on the symmetry and exchange of energy.

To determine: The physical basis of stability of the half filled sub shells.

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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Ch. 2 - Prob. 1ALQ Ch. 2 - Defend and criticize Bohrs model. Why was it...Ch. 2 - The first four ionization energies for the...Ch. 2 - Compare the first ionization energy of helium to...Ch. 2 - Which has the larger second ionization energy,...Ch. 2 - Explain why a graph of ionization energy versus...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7ALQ Ch. 2 - Account for the fact that the line that separates...Ch. 2 - Explain electron from a quantum mechanical...Ch. 2 - Choose the best response for the following. The...Ch. 2 - Consider the following statement "The ionization...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12ALQ Ch. 2 - How does probability fit into the description of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14ALQ Ch. 2 - Prob. 15ALQ Ch. 2 - Is the following statement true or false? 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The...Ch. 2 - Prob. 157CWP Ch. 2 - Prob. 158CWP Ch. 2 - Three elements have the electron configurations...Ch. 2 - One of the emission spectral lines for Be3+ has a...Ch. 2 - The figure below represents part of the emission...Ch. 2 - When lhe excited electron in a hydrogen atom falls...Ch. 2 - Prob. 163CP Ch. 2 - For hydrogen atoms, the wave function for the...Ch. 2 - The wave function for the 2pz, orbital in the...Ch. 2 - Answer the following questions, assuming that ms,...Ch. 2 - Assume that we are in another universe with...Ch. 2 - Without looking at data in the text, sketch a...Ch. 2 - The following numbers are the ratios of second...Ch. 2 - We expect the atomic radius to increase going down...Ch. 2 - The ionization energy for a 1s electron in a...Ch. 2 - Answer the following questions based on the given...Ch. 2 - As the weapons officer aboard the Srarship...

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