Industrial Plastics: Theory and Applications
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781285061238
Author: Lokensgard, Erik
Publisher: Delmar Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2.6Q
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The approximate percentage of US workforce should be mentioned, which is directly involved in plastic manufacturing.
Concept introduction:
The plastic industry has a major role in growing the economy of US. The production of plastic grew steadily from 1980 to 1990. But after the collapsing of world trade center in September 2001 there was a decrease in the production and employment. In 2010 the industries employed around 900000 people which was lesser than the employment in 2005 which was around 1.1 million.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
9.4. A PID temperature controller is at steady state with an output pressure of 9 psig. The set
point and process temperature are initially the same. At time = 0, the set point is increased
at the rate of 0.5°F/min. The motion of the set point is in the direction of lower temperatures.
If the current settings are
PART 3 LINEAR CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEMS
Ke
=
2 psig/°F
Ti =
1.25 min
TD = 0.4 min
plot the output pressure versus time.
9.6. A PI controller has the transfer function
Determine the values of K, and T.
5s + 10
Ge
S
9.5. The input & to a PI controller is shown in Fig. P9-5. Plot the output of the controller if
Ke 2 and 0.50 min.
-
E
0.5
0
-0.5
0
FIGURE P9-5
2
4
t, min
Chapter 2 Solutions
Industrial Plastics: Theory and Applications
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- 9.3. An ideal PD controller has the transfer function P Ke (TDs + 1) E An actual PD controller had the transfer function P = Ke E TDS +1 (TDIẞ)s +1 where ẞis a large constant in an industrial controller. If a unit-step change in error is introduced into a controller having the second transfer function, show that P(1) = Kc (1 + Ae˜¯BD) where A is a function of ẞwhich you are to determine. For ẞ=5 and K = 0.5, plot P(t) versus tl tp. As ẞ, show that the unit-step response approaches that for the ideal controller.arrow_forward9.1. A pneumatic PI temperature controller has an output pressure of 10 psig when the set point and process temperature coincide. The set point is suddenly increased by 10°F (i.e., a step change in error is introduced), and the following data are obtained: Time, s psig 0- 10 0+ 8 20 7 60 90 5 3.5 Determine the actual gain (psig per degree Fahrenheit) and the integral time.arrow_forward2. A unit-step change in error is introduced into a PID controller. If Ke TD = 0.5, plot the response of the controller P(t). = =10, 1, andarrow_forward
- A distribution of values is normal with a mean of 211 and a standard deviation of 50.4. Find the probability that a randomly selected value is between 59.8 and 155.6. P(59.8 X 155.6) = Enter your answer as a number accurate to 4 decimal places. Answers obtained using exact z-scores or z- scores rounded to 3 decimal places are accepted.arrow_forwardTopic: Production of propylene glycol from glycerol derived from palm oil. QUESTION:Estimate capital items, operating costs and economics of the plant. Finally, report the estimatedreturn.The Detailed Factorial Method with approximately 25% accuracy must be used for detailedeconomic evaluation.Plant lifetime is fixed at 15 years.1) Depreciation and TaxesCalculate the depreciation using a suitable method (e.g., straight-line, declining balance) andincorporate tax implications based on current tax laws applicable to chemical plants. Use following attached Process Flow Diagram as reference for this question.arrow_forwardTopic: Production of propylene glycol from glycerol derived from palm oil. QUESTION:Estimate capital items, operating costs and economics of the plant. Finally, report the estimatedreturn.The Detailed Factorial Method with approximately 25% accuracy must be used for detailedeconomic evaluation.Plant lifetime is fixed at 15 years.1) Revenue EstimationEstimate the annual revenue based on the production capacity, product selling price, and marketdemand. Groups should also consider potential market fluctuations. Use following attached Process Flow Diagram as reference for this question.arrow_forward
- Topic: Production of propylene glycol from glycerol derived from palm oil. QUESTION:Estimate capital items, operating costs and economics of the plant. Finally, report the estimatedreturn.The Detailed Factorial Method with approximately 25% accuracy must be used for detailedeconomic evaluation.Plant lifetime is fixed at 15 years.TASKS:1) Capital Cost EstimationProvide a detailed breakdown of the initial capital investment, including land, building,equipment, and installation costs. Include any assumptions made in the estimation. Use following attached Process Flow Diagram as reference for this question.arrow_forwardTopic: Production of propylene glycol from glycerol derived from palm oil. QUESTION:Estimate capital items, operating costs and economics of the plant. Finally, report the estimatedreturn.The Detailed Factorial Method with approximately 25% accuracy must be used for detailedeconomic evaluation.Plant lifetime is fixed at 15 years.1) Breakeven Year CalculationUsing the cash flow analysis, calculate the breakeven year when the cumulative cash inflowequals the initial investment. Groups should graphically represent the breakeven point. Use following attached Process Flow Diagram as reference for this question.arrow_forwardTopic: Production of propylene glycol from glycerol derived from palm oil. QUESTION:Estimate capital items, operating costs and economics of the plant. Finally, report the estimatedreturn.The Detailed Factorial Method with approximately 25% accuracy must be used for detailedeconomic evaluation.Plant lifetime is fixed at 15 years.1) Cash Flow AnalysisDevelop a projected cash flow statement for the first 10 years of plant operation, consideringall the costs and revenues. Include working capital, loans, and interest payments if applicable. Use following attached Process Flow Diagram as reference for this question.arrow_forward
- Topic: Production of propylene glycol from glycerol derived from palm oil.QUESTION:Estimate capital items, operating costs and economics of the plant. Finally, report the estimatedreturn.The Detailed Factorial Method with approximately 25% accuracy must be used for detailedeconomic evaluation.Plant lifetime is fixed at 15 years.1) Operational Cost AnalysisCalculate the yearly operational costs, including raw materials, labor, utilities, maintenance,and other recurring expenses. Provide a clear explanation of how these costs are derived. Use following attached Process Flow Diagram as reference for this question.arrow_forwardChemical Engineering Questionarrow_forwardA steam boiler or steam generator is a device used to produce steam by transferring heat to water. In our case, the combustion chamber is fueled with propane (C3H8) at a flowrate of 50.0 mol/h in an excess air of 50%. Assume that both propane and air are fed at 25ºC and the combustion gases leave the chamber at 200ºC. Pressure can be assumed to be atmospheric.* Determine: 1. The heat obtained assuming complete combustion. Compare the results using elements or compounds 2. The steam flowrate that could be generated if the heat is directed to obtain superheated steam at 2 bar and 160ºC from saturated liquid water at this pressure solvearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9781259696527Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark SwihartPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9780133887518Author:H. Scott FoglerPublisher:Prentice Hall
Industrial Plastics: Theory and ApplicationsChemical EngineeringISBN:9781285061238Author:Lokensgard, ErikPublisher:Delmar Cengage Learning
Unit Operations of Chemical EngineeringChemical EngineeringISBN:9780072848236Author:Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter HarriottPublisher:McGraw-Hill Companies, The
Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami...
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9781259696527
Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark Swihart
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9781118431221
Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:WILEY
Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed...
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9780133887518
Author:H. Scott Fogler
Publisher:Prentice Hall
Industrial Plastics: Theory and Applications
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9781285061238
Author:Lokensgard, Erik
Publisher:Delmar Cengage Learning
Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering
ISBN:9780072848236
Author:Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter Harriott
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Companies, The