(a) Interpretation: Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg + , Mg 2 + and Mg 3 + is to be stated. Concept Introduction: Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

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Answer 5

Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Answer 6

Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Answer 7

Chapter 2, Problem 2.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, Mg+, Mg2+ and Mg3+ is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

Electron configuration is the distribution of electron in different energy level orbits. Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason for the large increase in ionization energy for removal of the third electron from the Mg atom is to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Ionization energy is measure of how difficult it is to remove the most loosely held electron from an atom in the gaseous state, higher the difficulty in removing the atom; higher will be the ionization energy.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 2.2 - Problem 2-1 Write the formulas of compounds in...Ch. 2.4 - Problem 2-2 What is the mass number of an atom...Ch. 2.4 - Problem 2-3 Name the elements given in Problem...Ch. 2.4 - Problem 2-4 (a) What are the atomic numbers of...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 2.5P Ch. 2.4 - Problem 2-6 The atomic weight of lithium is 6.941...Ch. 2.6 - Problem 2-7 Write the Lewis dot structure for the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.8P Ch. 2 - 9 Answer true or false. (a) Matter is divided into...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the ground-state electronic configuration of Mg, ionization energy, and the distribution of electrons in different energy level orbits.

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