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Ionic compounds are those compounds which are composed of ions. An ionic bond is formed when two ions of opposite charges combine due to the electrostatic forces of attraction. Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal. Metals have the tendency to lose electrons. Metals lose electrons to form cations whereas non-metals gain electrons to form anions. Cations and anions attract each other and form ionic compounds.
Covalent compounds are formed by the interaction of non-metal elements with each other. In a covalent bond, there is no transfer of electrons but rather, sharing of electrons between the bonded atoms.
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