Chapter 2, Problem 2.47QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $N{a}_{2}Cr{O}_4$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• Generally many ionic compounds are binary in which the metal cations are named first which then followed by naming nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound, the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $N{a}_{2}Cr{O}_4$ is named as Sodium chromate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$N{a}_{2}Cr{O}_4$ has sodium Na, chromium Cr and oxygen O atoms. According to the nomenclature rules the subscript 2 on Na indicates charge on $Cr{O}_4$ therefore anion of this compound is $Cr{O}_4^{2-}$ and cation is $N{a}^{+}.$ Thus name of $Cr{O}_4^{2-}$ is chromate and so name of the compound is sodium chromate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $K_{2}HP{O}_4$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $K_{2}HP{O}_4$ is named as Potassium hydrogen phosphate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$K_{2}HP{O}_4$ has potassium K, hydrogen H , phosphorus P and oxygen O atoms. According to the nomenclature rules the subscript 2 on K indicates charge on $HP{O}_4$ therefore anion of this compound is $HP{O}_4^{2-}$ and cation is $K^{+}$. Thus name of $HP{O}_4^{2-}$ is Hydrogen phosphate and so name of the compound is Potassium hydrogen phosphate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $HBr$(gas) has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $HBr$ (gas) is named as Hydrogen bromide.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$HBr$ has hydrogen H, and Bromine Br atoms. According to the nomenclature rules the subscript 1 on H indicates charge on $Br$ therefore anion of this compound is $B{r}^{-}$ and cation is $H^{+}.$ Thus name of $B{r}^{-}$ is bromide ion and so name of the compound is Hydrogen bromide.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $HBr$ (water) has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $HBr$ (water) is named as hydrobromic acid.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$HBr$ in water forms acid. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. With reference to rules the name of compound is given as hydrobromic acid.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $L{i}_{2}C{O}_3$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $L{i}_{2}C{O}_3$ is named as Lithium carbonate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$L{i}_{2}C{O}_3$ has Lithium, carbon and oxygen. The subscript 2 on Li indicates charge on $C{O}_3$. Thus the anion is $C{O}_3^{2-}$ and its name is carbonate. Therefore, name of the compound is given as Lithium carbonate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $K_{2}C{r}_2{O}_7$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $K_{2}C{r}_2{O}_7$ is named as Potassium dichromate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$K_{2}C{r}_2{O}_7$ has Potassium, chromium and oxygen. The subscript 2 on K indicates charge on $C{r}_2{O}_7$. Thus the anion is $C{r}_2{O}_7^{2-}$ and its name is dichromate with reference to table 2.3 in the text book. Therefore, the name of the compound is given as Potassium dichromate.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $N{H}_{4}N{O}_2$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $N{H}_{4}N{O}_2$ is named as ammonium nitrite.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$N{H}_{4}N{O}_2$ has Nitrogen, Hydrogen and oxygen. The compound has cation $N{H}_4^{+}$ and anion $N{O}_2^{-}$ With reference to table 2.3 in the text book their names are ammonium ion and nitrite ion respectively. Hence name of the compound is given as ammonium nitrite.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $P{F}_3$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $P{F}_3$ is named as phosphorus trifluoride.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$P{F}_3$ has phosphorus and Fluorine. It is not an ionic compound but covalent compound. F has greater electronegativity than P and hence its name should end with ‘ide’. Three F atoms are bonded to P and F gets the name trifluoride. Using nomenclature rules the compound is named as phosphorus trifluoride.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $P{F}_5$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $P{F}_5$ is named as phosphorus pentafluoride.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$P{F}_5$ has phosphorus and Fluorine. It is not an ionic compound but covalent compound. F has greater electronegativity than P and hence its name should end with ‘ide’. Five F atoms are bonded to P and F gets the name pentafluoride. Using nomenclature rules the compound is named as phosphorus pentafluoride.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $P_4{O}_6$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $P_4{O}_6$ is named as tetraphosphorus hexoxide.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$P_4{O}_6$ has phosphorus and oxygen. It is not an ionic compound but covalent compound. O has greater electronegativity than P and hence its name should end with ‘ide’. Six O atoms are bonded to P and O gets the name hexoxide as it contains 6 oxygen atoms. The 4 P atoms are bonded to O, hence according to nomenclature rules the compound is named as tetraphosphorus hexoxide.

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $Cd{I}_2$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $Cd{I}_2$ is named as Cadmium iodide.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$Cd{I}_2$ has cadmium and iodine. The subscript 2 on I indicates charge on Cd thus $C{d}^{2+}$ is the cation. The subscript 1 on Cd indicates charge on I thus $I^{-}$ is the cation. With reference to rules, name of $I^{-}$ is iodide ion. Hence name of the compound is cadmium iodide.

(l)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $SrS{O}_4$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $SrS{O}_4$ is named as Strontium sulfate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

$SrS{O}_4$ has Strontium, Sulfur and oxygen. The compound has cation $S{r}^{2+}$ and $S{O}_4^{2-}$. With reference to table 2.3 in text book, their names are strontium ion and sulfate ion respectively. Hence name of the compound is strontium sulfate.

(m)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $Al{\left(OH\right)}_3$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $Al{\left(OH\right)}_3$ is named as Aluminum hydroxide.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

The compound $Al{\left(OH\right)}_3$ has cation $A{l}^{3+}$ and anion $O{H}^{-}$. With reference to table 2.3 in text book, their names are Aluminum ion and hydroxide ion respectively. Hence name of the compound is Aluminum hydroxide.

(n)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound $N{a}_{2}C{O}_3.10H_{2}O$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound $N{a}_{2}C{O}_3.10H_{2}O$ is named as Sodium carbonate decahydrate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

The compound $N{a}_{2}C{O}_3.10H_{2}O$ has cation $N{a}^{+}$ and anion $C{O}_3^2{}^{-}$. With reference to table 2.3 in text book, the names of the ions are sodium ion and carbonate ion respectively. 10 water molecules are bonded to the molecule. Hence name of the compound is sodium carbonate decahydrate.

(o)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{2-}}$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{2-}}$ is named as sulfite ion.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

The given compound is anionic compound. The charge of ${\text{SO}}_{\text{3}}^{\text{2-}}$ is $\text{-2}$. With reference to table 2.3 in text book, the name of given compound is sulfite ion.

(p)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given compound ${\text{HAsO}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{2-}}$ has to be named.

Concept Introduction:

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The nomenclature of inorganic compounds involves following rules:

• For ionic compounds first, metal cations are named first which then followed by nonmetallic anion.
• In ionic compound the metal cations generally hold their metal name itself and the metal anions hold their respective metal name with suffix $\text{"-ide"}$ with it.
• The prefixes on each atom indicate the number of those atoms in the compound.
• The number written on the subscript of the anion is numerically equal to the charge on the cation and vice versa.
• Subscripts are discarded when the numerical charge on cation and anion are equal.
• When a metal has more than one positive oxidation state, its lowest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ous’ and highest oxidation number has name of the metal ion ending with ‘ic’. This rule is applicable when oxidation number of metal is not more than three.
• If a metal ion has multiple numbers of oxidation states more than three, then Roman numeral has to be used within square brackets to indicate the oxidation number of metal ion.
• Nomenclature of binary acids and oxoacids are not similar. Binary acids are named based on the non-metal atom present in them. Oxoacids are named on the basis of polyatomic anion present in them.
• Naming binary molecular compounds is also similar to binary ionic compounds.
• The first element is named as such while second element is added with prefix which describes the number of respective atoms present.

Answer to Problem 2.47QP

The given compound ${\text{HAsO}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{2-}}$ is named as hydrogen arsenate.

Explanation of Solution

With reference to table 2.3 in the text book, anions and cations formed by various elements are named.

With reference to table 2.3 in text book, the names of the ions in given compound are named as hydrogen and arsenate respectively. Therefore, the name of the compound is hydrogen arsenate.