Chapter 2, Problem 2.3QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The relative error in the voltage reading if the internal resistance of the voltmeter was 4000 χ should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The percentage relative loading error of the voltmeter E_r = $\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{M}}{\text{-V}}_{\text{x}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{X}}}\text{×100\%}$

V_M = Voltage of the meter

V_X = True voltage of the source

${\text{V}}_M={\text{V}}_X\left(\frac{{\text{R}}_M}{{\text{R}}_M+{\text{R}}_S}\right)$

When resistors are in series, a voltage divider. V = V₁ + V₂ + V₃

The current in a series circuit is everywhere the same. In other words, I = I₁ = I₂ = I₃

The total resistance Rs of a series circuit is equal to the sum of the resistances of the individual components. R_s = R₁ + R₂ + R₃

Ohm’s law;

Ohm’s law describes the relationship among voltage, resistance, and current in a resistive series circuit.

V = IR

V = Voltage I = Current R = resistant

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The relative error in the voltage reading if the internal resistance of the voltmeter was 80.0 kχ should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The percentage relative loading error of the voltmeter E _r = $\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{M}}{\text{-V}}_{\text{x}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{X}}}\text{×100\%}$

V_M = Voltage of the meter

V_X = True voltage of the source

${\text{V}}_M={\text{V}}_X\left(\frac{{\text{R}}_M}{{\text{R}}_M+{\text{R}}_S}\right)$

When resistors are in series, a voltage divider. V = V₁ + V₂ + V₃

The current in a series circuit is everywhere the same. In other words, I = I₁ = I₂ = I₃

The total resistance Rs of a series circuit is equal to the sum of the resistances of the individual components. R_s = R₁ + R₂ + R₃

Ohm’s law;

Ohm’s law describes the relationship among voltage, resistance, and current in a resistive series circuit.

V = IR

V = Voltage I = Current R = resistant

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The relative error in the voltage reading if the internal resistance of the voltmeter was 1.00 Mχ should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The percentage relative loading error of the voltmeter E _r = $\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{M}}{\text{-V}}_{\text{x}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{X}}}\text{×100\%}$

V_M = Voltage of the meter

V_X = True voltage of the source

${\text{V}}_M={\text{V}}_X\left(\frac{{\text{R}}_M}{{\text{R}}_M+{\text{R}}_S}\right)$

When resistors are in series, a voltage divider. V = V₁ + V₂ + V₃

The current in a series circuit is everywhere the same. In other words, I = I₁ = I₂ = I₃

The total resistance Rs of a series circuit is equal to the sum of the resistances of the individual components. R_s = R₁ + R₂ + R₃

Ohm’s law;

Ohm’s law describes the relationship among voltage, resistance, and current in a resistive series circuit.

V = IR

V = Voltage I = Current R = resistant