Chapter 2, Problem 23P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The name of an alkali metal in period 6 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Alkali metals are the metals that belong to group 1 of the Periodic table. General electronic configuration of alkali metals is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{1}}$.

Alkali group contains six elements.

These elements are as follows. Lithium, sodium, potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The element present in period 5 and group 8 in the periodic table needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Transition metals are the metals that have incompletely filled d-orbitals and they are also known as d-block elements.

General electronic configuration of transition metals is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{1-2}}{\text{(n-1)d}}^{\text{1-10}}$.

These elements are placed in the middle of Periodic table.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The element present in group 7A and period 3 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Group $\text{7A}$ means halogen group. General electronic configuration of elements of this group is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{2}}{\text{np}}^{\text{5}}$.

Elements which belong to this group are Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, and Astatine.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The elementpresent inperiod 2 and group 2A needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 rows and 18 columns. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Elements of group $\text{2A}$ are also known as alkaline earth metals. General electronic configuration of group $\text{2A}$ elements is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{2}}$.

Elements present in this group are Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The halogen present in period 2 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 periods and 18 groups. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Group $\text{7A}$ means halogen group. General electronic configuration of elements of this group is ${\text{ns}}^{\text{2}}{\text{np}}^{\text{5}}$.

Elements which belong to this group are Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, and Astatine.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

An inner transition metalwith one electron in 4f orbital needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

In a Periodic table, there are in total 7 rows and 18 columns. And, in a Periodic table all the elements found in nature are arranged according to increasing atomic number.

Elements that belong to lanthanide and actinide series are known as inner transition metals. Elements with atomic number 57 to 71 are all lanthanides whereas elements with atomic number 89 to 103 are all actinides.