Data Independence: “Data Independence” refers to the ability to modify a schema definition in one level without affecting a schema definition in different level. It is a type of data transparency, which focuses for a centralised DBMS ( Database Management System). One of the biggest advantages of databases is data independence. There are two levels of data independence, one is “Physical data independence” and the other one is “Logical data independence”.

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Data communıcatıon digital data is transmitted via analog ASK and PSK are used together to increase the number of bits transmitted a)For m=8,suggest a solution and define signal elements , and then draw signals for the following sent data data = 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1

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Chapter 2, Problem 22RQ

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Data Independence:

“Data Independence” refers to the ability to modify a schema definition in one level without affecting a schema definition in different level.

It is a type of data transparency, which focuses for a centralised DBMS (Database Management System).

One of the biggest advantages of databases is data independence.

There are two levels of data independence, one is “Physical data independence” and the other one is “Logical data independence”.

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