The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305802698
Author: Joseph F. Healey
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2.2P
SOC At. St. Winnefred Hospital, the number of males and females in various job categories are as follows:
| Job | Males | Females | Totals |
| Doctor | 83 | 15 | 98 |
| Nurse | 62 | 116 | 178 |
| Orderly | 151 | 12 | 163 |
| Lab technician | 32 | 30 | 62 |
| Administrator | 12 | 1 | 13 |
| Clerk | 72 | 141 | 213 |
| Totals | 412 | 315 | 727 |
Read each question carefully before constructing the fraction and solving for the answer. (HINT: Be sure you place the proper number in the denominator of each fraction. For example, some problems use the total number of males or females as the denominator, whereas others use the total number of subjects.)
a. What percentage of nurses are male?
b. What proportion of orderlies are female?
c. For doctors, what is the ratio of males to females?
d. What percentage of the total staff are males?
e. What is the ratio of males to females for the entire sample?
f. What proportion of the clerks are male?
g. What percentage of the sample are administrators?
h. What is the ratio of female lab technicians?
i. What is the ratio of female lab technicians to male lab technicians?
j. What proportion of the males are clerks?
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Install RStudio: Begin by installing RStudio on your computer. If you haven't done so, please refer to the official RStudio website for download and installation instructions.
Watch the Tutorial Video: Watch the provided video tutorial that explains how to run RStudio. Pay close attention to the steps for opening and managing data files. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhJp6vSZ7z0
Open RStudio: Once RStudio is installed, open the application.
Load the Dataset: In RStudio, open a data file named "mtcars". To do this, type the command mtcars in the script editor and run the command.
Attach the Data: Next, attach the dataset using the command attach(mtcars).
Examine the Variables: Carefully review and note the names of all variables in the dataset. Examples of these variables include:
Mileage (mpg)
Number of Cylinders (cyl)
Displacement (disp)
Horsepower (hp)
Research: Google to understand these variables.
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A marketing professor has surveyed the students at her university to better understand attitudes towards PPT usage for higher education. To be able to make inferences to the entire student body, the sample drawn needs to represent the university’s student population on all key characteristics. The table below shows the five key student demographic variables. The professor found the breakdown of the overall student body in the university’s fact book posted online.
A non-parametric chi-square test was used to test the sample demographics against the population percentages shown in the table above. Review the output for the five chi-square tests on the following pages and answer the five questions:
Based on the chi-square test, which sample variables adequately represent the university’s student population and which ones do not? Support your answer by providing the p-value of the chi-square test and explaining what it means.
Using the results from Question 1, make recommendation for…
Chapter 2 Solutions
The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research
Ch. 2 - SOC The table that follows reports the marital...Ch. 2 - SOC At. St. Winnefred Hospital, the number of...Ch. 2 - CJ The town of Shinbone, Kansas, has a population...Ch. 2 - CJ The numbers of homicides in five U.S. states...Ch. 2 - SOC The scores of 15 respondents on four variables...Ch. 2 - SW A local youth service agency has begun a sex...Ch. 2 - Twenty-five residents of a community for senior...Ch. 2 - GER Twenty-five residents of a community for...Ch. 2 - SOC Twenty-five students completed a questionnaire...Ch. 2 - PA/CJ As part of an evaluation of the efficiency...
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