The final pressure with q, w, ΔU and ΔH needs to be determined for the expansion of gas isothermally and reversibly until the volume triples. Concept Introduction: In thermodynamics , a reversible process can be defined as the process which can be reversed without to its original state. Hence in reversible processes, both the system and surroundings are returned to their initial states. In general, all reversible processes are ideal processes and cannot occur naturally. On the contrary, an irreversible process cannot come back to its initial condition. All spontaneous processes in nature are irreversible processes. In an adiabatic process, the heat change is zero therefore the work done will be equal to the change in the internal energy.

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Chapter 2, Problem 2.27NP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The final pressure with q, w, ΔU and ΔH needs to be determined for the expansion of gas isothermally and reversibly until the volume triples.

Concept Introduction: In thermodynamics, a reversible process can be defined as the process which can be reversed without to its original state.

Hence in reversible processes, both the system and surroundings are returned to their initial states. In general, all reversible processes are ideal processes and cannot occur naturally.

On the contrary, an irreversible process cannot come back to its initial condition. All spontaneous processes in nature are irreversible processes.

In an adiabatic process, the heat change is zero therefore the work done will be equal to the change in the internal energy.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:The final pressure with q, w, ΔU and ΔH needs to be determinedat the end of the first stage when the temperature is raised to 105 °C at constant volume.

Concept Introduction: In thermodynamics, a reversible process can be defined as the process which can be reversedto its original state.

Hence in reversible processes, both the system and surroundings are returned to their initial states. In general, all reversible processes are ideal processes and cannot occur naturally.

On the contrary, an irreversible process cannot come back to its initial condition. All spontaneous processes in nature are irreversible processes.

In an adiabatic process, the heat change is zero, and therefore, the work done will be equal to the change in the internal energy.

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