Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780072848236
Author: Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter Harriott
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Companies, The
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.10P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The volume fraction and weight fraction of the sand in a suspension of very fine sand particles in water is to be calculated.
Concept introduction: The volume fraction of a substance is the volume of the given substance to the total volume of the substances present in the suspension. It can be related with a density as,
The weight fraction of the sand is the ratio of the weight of the sand to the total weight of the suspension. It is given as,
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A buffer solution is made by mixing 0.1 M acetic acid (HA) and 0.05 M sodium acetate (A⁻). The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76. Due to an experimental error, the actual pH was not recorded, and we need to solve for the concentration of the conjugate base (A⁻) given that the desired pH should be 4.90. Use the Bisection Method to find the concentration of A.
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Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
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- 1. (15) John had an loan plan shown in the following discrete cash flow diagram: $4,000 $6,000 GI $2,000 5 7 1 2 3 4 $3,000 $4,000 ? Years a. Please describe this diagram in terms of borrowing and payback. b. How much does John need to pay to totally payoff the loan at the end of year 8 if the interest rate is 8%? c. If John pays the sam amount of money at year 8, how much can John borrow at year 0 without paying back in between with the same interest rate?arrow_forwardA buffer solution is made by mixing 0.1 M acetic acid (HA) and 0.05 M sodium acetate (A⁻). The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76. Due to an experimental error, the actual pH was not recorded, and we need to solve for the concentration of the conjugate base (A⁻) given that the desired pH should be 4.90. Use the Bisection Method to find the concentration of A.arrow_forward1. Liquid heptane is stored in a 100,000-L storage vessel that is vented directly to air. The heptane is stored at 25°C and 1 atm pressure. The liquid is drained from the storage vessel and all that remains in the vessel is the air saturated with heptane vapor. a. Is the vapor in the storage vessel flammable? b. What is the TNT equivalent for the vapor remaining in the vessel? c. If the vapor explodes, what is the overpressure 50 m from the vessel? d. What damage can be expected at 50 m?arrow_forward
- 2. You have decided to use a vacuum purging technique to purge oxygen from a reactor vessel to reduce the concentration to 2.0% (mol). The reactor is 18 ft diameter and 40 ft tall. The temperature is 80°F. Assume that the vacuum purge goes from atmospheric pressure to 10.0 psia. How many purge cycles are required and how many total moles of nitrogen must be used? Assume the purge is done with pure nitrogen. 3. If the purging described in problem 2 takes place using nitrogen that has 1% (mol) oxygen in it, how many vacuum purge cycles are required? How many total moles of the inert gas must be used? 4. If the purging described in problem 2 is done by way of a "sweep-through" purge instead of a vacuum purge, for how long (in minutes) must the inert gas flow through the vessel if there is a 20 psig supply of pure nitrogen available at 150 CFM (ft³/min)? How much nitrogen must be used (lbm)?arrow_forward5. Look at Figure 7-14. Determine the voltage developed between the steel nozzle and the grounded vessel, and how much energy is stored in the nozzle. Explain the potential hazards for cases A and B from the following table: Case A Case B Hose length (ft) 75 75 Hose diameter (in) 2.0 2.0 Flow rate (gpm) 30 30 Liquid conductivity (mho/cm) 2x10-8 1x10-14 Dielectric constant 2.3 25 Density (g/cm³) 0.8 0.9 6. In Problem 5, case B, what would be the most effective way to reduce the potential hazards in this situation?arrow_forward2. You have decided to use a vacuum purging technique to purge oxygen from a reactor vessel to reduce the concentration to 2.0% (mol). The reactor is 18 ft diameter and 40 ft tall. The temperature is 80°F. Assume that the vacuum purge goes from atmospheric pressure to 10.0 psia. How many purge cycles are required and how many total moles of nitrogen must be used? Assume the purge is done with pure nitrogen.arrow_forward
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- Please answer 5.8arrow_forwardPlease answer 5.6arrow_forwardYou have been tasked with figuring out how to suppress changes in the supply flow rate to a reactorfor which it is desired to keep the inlet flow rate as constant as possible. You are considering designing a surgetank to place upstream of the reactor and then installing a pump on the line between that surge tank and thereactor. A surge tank is one with a weir inside it, which is a partial wall separating the tank volume into twoconnected sections allowing for flow under the weir between the two sections. The variable inlet mass flow,wi(t) flows into volume 1 and then flows due to hydrostatic pressure at a mass flow rate of w1(t) into volume 2.The weir causes a flow resistance, R1, such that w1 = (h1-h2)/R1. Fluid is then pumped out of volume 2 at thedesired constant mass flow rate of w2. Make a summary table of the three transfer functions written in standard form and their keyparameters (gains, time constants) in terms of the physical system parameters (A1, A2, , A, R…). Checkif/how…arrow_forward
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