Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 18RQ
To determine
Einstein’s general theory of relativity changes our view of gravity.
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A satellite is in a circular orbit around the Earth at an altitude of 3.88 × 106 m.
(a) Find the period of the orbit. (Hint: Modify Kepler's third law so it is suitable for objects orbiting the Earth rather than the Sun. The radius of the Earth is 6.38 × 106 m, and the mass of the Earth is 5.98 x 1024 kg.)
h
(b) Find the speed of the satellite.
km/s
(c) Find the acceleration of the satellite.
m/s² toward the center of the earth
Shown below is a waterslide constructed in the late 1800's. This slide was unique for its time due to the fact that a large number of small wheels along its
length made friction negligible. Riders rode a small sled down the chute which ended with a horizontal section that caused the sled and rider to skim across
the water much like a flat pebble. The chute was 9.76 m high at the top and 54.3 m long. Consider a rider and sled with a combined mass of 81.0 kg. They
are pushed off the top of the slide from point A with a speed of 2.90 m/s, and they skim horizontally across the water a distance of 50 m before coming to
rest.
9.76 m
Engraving from Scientific American, July 1888
A
(a)
20.0 m/
-54.3 m-
50.0 m
(b)
(a) Find the speed (in m/s) of the sled and rider at point C.
14.14
m/s
(b) Model the force of water friction as a constant retarding force acting on a particle. Find the magnitude (in N) of the friction force the water exerts on the
sled.
162.2
N
(c) Find the magnitude (in N) of the…
A small object with mass 3.60 kg moves counterclockwise with constant angular speed 1.40 rad/s in a circle of radius 2.55 m centered at the origin. It starts at the point with position vector 2.551 m. Then it undergoes an angular displacement of 9.15 rad.
(a) What is its new position vector?
m
(b) In what quadrant is the object located and what angle does its position vector make with the positive x-axis?
---Select--- ✓ at
(c) What is its velocity?
m/s
(d) In what direction is it moving? (Give a negative angle.)
° from the +x direction.
(e) What is its acceleration?
m/s²
(f) What total force is exerted on the object?
N
Chapter 2 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 2 - Describe at least three characteristics of Greek...Ch. 2 - What do we mean by a model of nature? Summarize...Ch. 2 - What is apparent retrograde motion, and why was it...Ch. 2 - Who first proposed the idea that Earth is a planet...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5RQCh. 2 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 2 - Why didnt Copernicuss model gain immediate...Ch. 2 - State and explain each of Keplers laws of...Ch. 2 - Briefly describe three reasonable objections to...Ch. 2 - How did Newtons discoveries about the laws of...
Ch. 2 - How did the Copernican revolution affect scholarly...Ch. 2 - What is the difference between a hypothesis and a...Ch. 2 - Describe each of the three hallmarks of science...Ch. 2 - What is Occams razor? Give an example of how it...Ch. 2 - Why doesnt science accept personal testimony as...Ch. 2 - In what sense is gravity both a fact and a theory?...Ch. 2 - What is Newtons universal law of gravitation?...Ch. 2 - Prob. 18RQCh. 2 - Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of his...Ch. 2 - Several kilometers below its surface, Europa has...Ch. 2 - My house is haunted by ghosts, who make the...Ch. 2 - There are no lakes or seas on Mars today.Ch. 2 - All life in the universe must use DNA as its...Ch. 2 - Children born when Jupiter is in the constellation...Ch. 2 - Prob. 25TYUCh. 2 - Newtons law of gravity explains the orbits of...Ch. 2 - God created the laws of motion that were...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28TYUCh. 2 - In Ptolemys geocentric model, the retrograde...Ch. 2 - Which of the following was not a major advantage...Ch. 2 - Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in...Ch. 2 - According to Keplers third law, (a) Mercury...Ch. 2 - Tycho Brahes contributions to astronomy included...Ch. 2 - Galileos contributions to astronomy included (a)...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is not true about...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is not true about a...Ch. 2 - How did the Copernican revolution alter...Ch. 2 - When Einsteins theory of gravity (general...Ch. 2 - Greek Models. As we discussed in this chapter, the...Ch. 2 - Copernican Players. Using a bulleted list format,...Ch. 2 - Atomists and Aristotelians. The ancient Greek...Ch. 2 - Influence on History. Based on what you have...Ch. 2 - Sedna Orbit. The object Sedna orbits our Sun at an...Ch. 2 - Eris Orbit. The dwarf planet Eris, which is...Ch. 2 - New Planet Orbit. A newly discovered planet orbits...Ch. 2 - Halleys Orbit. Halleys Comet orbits the Sun every...Ch. 2 - Newtons Universal Law of Gravitation. a. How does...Ch. 2 - Science and Religion. Science and religion are...Ch. 2 - The Impact of Science. The modern world is filled...Ch. 2 - Absolute Truth. An important issue in the...Ch. 2 - Pseudoscience. Choose a pseudoscientific claim...Ch. 2 - Prob. 60WP
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