Chapter 19.9, Problem 29CC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction and mechanism should be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Hydrate formation: hydronium ion is the main reagent for hydrate formation.

Conversion of a carbonyl group to a hydrate. this process is only efficient for formaldehyde and some simple aldehydes.

For ketone, the equilibrium generally does not favor formation of the hydrate.

Nucleophiles: A nucleophile is a more reactant species that affords a pair of electrons to the electrophile or electrophilic center and forms a new covalent bond. The carbon or other hetero atom in a molecule which is bearing negative charge or lone pair of electron is called as nucleophiles.

Electrophile: An electrophile is a species that accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.

Hydrolysis Reaction: This type of reaction involving the braking of a carbon-carbon triple, double bonds in a molecules using water.

Acid Catalyzed Hydration Reaction: The reaction involves breaking of $\text{π}$-bonds between carbon-carbon multiple bonds and addition of alcohol to more substituted position of carbon in the molecule.

Enamine formation:

When a secondary amine react with carbonyl compounds, its form enamine.

Like imine formation, the formation of an enamine also required acid catalyzed for the removal of water molecule.

To Draw: The given set of compounds reaction mechanism should be identified.