Chapter 19.5, Problem 7P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of $NA{D}^{+}$ molecules needed in conversion of glucose to pyruvate should be determined.

Concept introduction:

$NA{D}^{+}$Molecule: It is the oxidized form of $\text{Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide }\left(NADH\right)$ which exists in all cells and needed for activation of enzymes.

$\text{Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide }\left(NADH\right)$: It is coenzyme which gets oxidized on reducing another compound. The oxidized form of $\text{NADH}\text{is}{\text{NAD}}^{\text{+}}$.

  Glycolysis: It is pathway which describes conversion of one molecule of glucose into 2 $\text{pyruvate}$

molecules. It involves totally 10 set of reactions with it.

Kinase: It is enzyme which serves as a catalyst in reaction of transferring phosphoryl group into the substrate.

Substrate: The molecule where the reaction takes place with help of enzymes.

Exergonic: The reaction is considered as exergonic if energy released since the reactants loses its energy making the free energy more negative hence making it spontaneous reaction.

Endergonic: The reaction is considered as endergonic if it needs more energy means that activation energy is much higher making the reaction non spontaneous.