Chapter 19.11, Problem 22PTS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The position for each of the following compounds that is more prone to the substitution by electrophile in aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions has to be identified.

                            

Concept Introduction:

• Electrophilic substitution reaction is a type of reaction in which a particular group or atom in a compound is replaced by electrophile. An electrophile is a species that is deficient of electrons

• Benzene is an electron rich Aromatic compound and undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions.

• The position that the electrophile occupies in the ring system depends on various factors like – presence of substituents, activation and deactivation of the ring etc.

• The pi electrons of the aromatic system must be available freely for the reaction to occur. Further, the aromatic ring must not have many bulk substituents on it to ease the any type of electrophilic substitution reaction. Presence of many bulk substituents hinders the ability of the delocalizing pi electrons to bond with the electrophile.