Have you ever pulled clothes from a dryer only to have them “cling” together? Have you ever walked across a carpet and had a ’shocking” experience when you touched a doorknob? If so, you already know a lot about state electricity. Ben Franklin showed that the same kind of spark we experience on a carpet, when scaled up in size, is responsible for bolts of lightning. His insight led to the invention of lightning rods to conduct electricity safely away from a building into the ground. Today we employ static electricity in many technological applications, ranging from photocopiers to electrostatic precipitators that clean emissions from smokestacks. We even use electrostatic salting machines to give potato chips the salty taste we enjoy! Living organisms also use static electricity—in fact, static electricity plays an important role in the pollination process. Imagine a bee busily flitting from flower to flower. As air rushes over its body and wings it acquires an electric charge—just as you do when your feet rub against a carpet. A bee might have only 93.0 pC of charge, but that’s more than enough to attract grains of pollen from a distance, like a charged comb attracting bits of paper. The result is a bee covered with grains of pollen, as illustrated in the accompanying photo, unwittingly transporting pollen from one flower to another. So, the next time you experience annoying static cling in your clothes, just remember that the same force helps pollinate the plants that we all need for life on Earth. 97. • Suppose two bees, each with a charge of 93.0 pC, are separated by a distance of 1.20 cm. Treating the bees as point charges, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force experienced by the bees? (In comparison, the weight of a 0.140-g bee is 1.37 × 10 −3 N.) A. 6.01 × 10 −17 N B. 6.48 × 10 −9 N C. 5.40 × 10 −7 N D. 5.81 × 10 −3 N
Have you ever pulled clothes from a dryer only to have them “cling” together? Have you ever walked across a carpet and had a ’shocking” experience when you touched a doorknob? If so, you already know a lot about state electricity. Ben Franklin showed that the same kind of spark we experience on a carpet, when scaled up in size, is responsible for bolts of lightning. His insight led to the invention of lightning rods to conduct electricity safely away from a building into the ground. Today we employ static electricity in many technological applications, ranging from photocopiers to electrostatic precipitators that clean emissions from smokestacks. We even use electrostatic salting machines to give potato chips the salty taste we enjoy! Living organisms also use static electricity—in fact, static electricity plays an important role in the pollination process. Imagine a bee busily flitting from flower to flower. As air rushes over its body and wings it acquires an electric charge—just as you do when your feet rub against a carpet. A bee might have only 93.0 pC of charge, but that’s more than enough to attract grains of pollen from a distance, like a charged comb attracting bits of paper. The result is a bee covered with grains of pollen, as illustrated in the accompanying photo, unwittingly transporting pollen from one flower to another. So, the next time you experience annoying static cling in your clothes, just remember that the same force helps pollinate the plants that we all need for life on Earth. 97. • Suppose two bees, each with a charge of 93.0 pC, are separated by a distance of 1.20 cm. Treating the bees as point charges, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force experienced by the bees? (In comparison, the weight of a 0.140-g bee is 1.37 × 10 −3 N.) A. 6.01 × 10 −17 N B. 6.48 × 10 −9 N C. 5.40 × 10 −7 N D. 5.81 × 10 −3 N
Have you ever pulled clothes from a dryer only to have them “cling” together? Have you ever walked across a carpet and had a ’shocking” experience when you touched a doorknob? If so, you already know a lot about state electricity.
Ben Franklin showed that the same kind of spark we experience on a carpet, when scaled up in size, is responsible for bolts of lightning. His insight led to the invention of lightning rods to conduct electricity safely away from a building into the ground. Today we employ static electricity in many technological applications, ranging from photocopiers to electrostatic precipitators that clean emissions from smokestacks. We even use electrostatic salting machines to give potato chips the salty taste we enjoy!
Living organisms also use static electricity—in fact, static electricity plays an important role in the pollination process. Imagine a bee busily flitting from flower to flower. As air rushes over its body and wings it acquires an electric charge—just as you do when your feet rub against a carpet. A bee might have only 93.0 pC of charge, but that’s more than enough to attract grains of pollen from a distance, like a charged comb attracting bits of paper. The result is a bee covered with grains of pollen, as illustrated in the accompanying photo, unwittingly transporting pollen from one flower to another. So, the next time you experience annoying static cling in your clothes, just remember that the same force helps pollinate the plants that we all need for life on Earth.
97. • Suppose two bees, each with a charge of 93.0 pC, are separated by a distance of 1.20 cm. Treating the bees as point charges, what is the magnitude of the electrostatic force experienced by the bees? (In comparison, the weight of a 0.140-g bee is 1.37 × 10−3 N.)
5. A potential divider circuit is made by stretching a 1 m long wire with a resistance of 0.1 per cm
from A to B as shown.
8V
A
100cm
B
sliding contact
5Ω
A varying PD is achieved across the 5 Q resistor by moving the slider along the resistance wire.
Calculate the distance from A when the PD across the 5 Q resistor is 6 V.
4. A voltmeter with resistance 10 kQ is used to measure the pd across the 1 kQ resistor in the circuit
below.
6V
5ΚΩ
1ΚΩ
V
Calculate the percentage difference between the value with and without the voltmeter.
1.
A 9V battery with internal resistance 5 2 is connected to a 100 2 resistor. Calculate:
a. the Power dissipated in the 100 2 resistor
b. The heat generated per second inside the battery.
C.
The rate of converting chemical to electrical energy by the battery.
2. A 230 V kettle is rated at 1800 W. Calculate the resistance of the heating element.
Chemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (13th Edition)
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