Macroeconomics
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781337617390
Author: Roger A. Arnold
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 8QP
To determine
Calculate simple majority voting with consistent and inconsistent efficiency.
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In a congressional district somewhere in the U.S., a new representative is being elected. The voters all have one-dimensional political views that can be neatly arrayed on a left-right spectrum. We can define the ”location” of a citizen’s political views in the following way. The citizen with the most extreme left-wing views is said to be at point 0 and the citizen with the most extreme right-wing views is said to be at point 1. If a citizen has views that are to the right of the views of the fraction x of the state’s population, that citizen’s views are said to be located at point x. There are two candidates for the congressional seat and they are forced to publicly state their own political position simultaneously on the zero-one left-right scale.
1.a Suppose voters always vote for the candidate whose stated position is nearest to their own views and suppose each candidate cares only about getting as many votes as possible.
In equilibrium, what will be the two candidates’ positions?…
Suppose that friends Jennifer, Stephanie, and Megan cannot agree on how much to spend for a bouquet of flowers to send to a person who allowed them to use her beach house for the weekend. Jennifer wants to buy a moderately priced bouquet, Stephanie wants to buy an expensive bouquet, and Megan wants to buy a very expensive bouquet. Assuming no paradox of voting, majority voting will result in the decision to buy Multiple Choice an inexpensive bouquet. a very expensive bouquet. a moderately priced bouquet. an expensive bouquet. B
Briefly explain why the principle that the majority of voters should decide an election outcome may not always make logical sense.
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- Which of the following is true? a. Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem states that There is no voting method that will satisfy a reasonable set of fairness criteria when there are three or candidates. b. Gibbard-Satterthwaite's theorem states that there is a voting method is completely resistant to strategic voting. c. None of the given choices d. May's Theorem states that the majority method will always have a winner.arrow_forwardHow can a small special interest group win in a situation of majority voting when the benefits it seeks flow only to a small group?arrow_forwardCould you please explain why you divided the 250 votes by 2?arrow_forward
- 4arrow_forwardThe average cost of landscaping services for members of a condominium community is $350 per week. Assume that the quantity of landscaping services is perfectly correlated with the number of gardeners per week. Suppose the community consists of seven residents, each with the identical marginal benefit curve for landscaping services. The marginal benefit of the first gardener is $100 per resident. a) Assume that the efficient number of gardeners is three per week. What is the political equilibrium under majority rule if each voter is assigned a tax share of $50 per gardener per week? Does the political equilibrium under majority rule differ from the Lindahl equilibrium?arrow_forward1. A city has three equal-sized groups of people: (1) Type A people consistently prefer more public school expenditure; (2) Type B people prefer high levels of public school expenditure to low levels, and they prefer low levels to medium levels; (3) Type C people most prefer medium levels to low levels, and they prefer low levels to high levels. Will majority voting generate consistent outcomes in this case? (Hint: you should check if there are cycles in outcomes by changing the order of voting) A.True B. False 2. Suppose Florida government has asked you to design and evaluate the effectiveness of an education voucher program. What is wrong with simply comparing the educational performance of those receiving vouchers with those who do not receive vouchers? Explain.arrow_forward
- Explain how affirmative and negative majority votes can sometimes lead to inefficient allocations of resources to public goods. Is this problem likely to be greater under a benefits-received or under an ability-to-pay tax system? Use the information in Figures 17.1a and 17.1b to show how society might be better off if Adams were allowed to buy votes.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by limited and bundled choice when voting on a bill or candidate?arrow_forwardSuppose that the government collected taxes in the following fashion: people who earn less than $50,000 pay 25 percent in taxes, people who earn between $50,000 and $100,000 pay 35 percent in taxes, people who earn between $100,000 and $200,000 pay 30 percent in taxes, and people who earn more than $200,000 pay 28 percent in taxes. Which of the following statements is correct? a. The tax system is proportional for income levels less than $50,000 and regressive for income levels above $50,000. b. The tax system is regressive for income levels less than $100,000 and progressive for income levels above $100,000. c. The tax system is progressive for income levels less than $100,000 and regressive for income levels above $100,000 . d. The tax system is progressive for income levels less than $50,000 and proportional for income levels above $100,000.arrow_forward
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