Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 6TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The human genome project has sequenced a complete set of
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Which of the following statements about genes is incorrect?
Select one:
O a. During fertilization, both the sperm and the ovum contribute genes to the resulting fertilized egg.
b. Genetic differences can result from changes in the DNA called mutations.
O c. Genes correspond to segments of DNA.
d. Under normal circumstances, each chromosome contains precisely one gene.
e. Many genes contain the information needed for cells to synthesize enzymes and other proteins.
Even when a gene is available and its sequence of nucleotides is known, chemical studies of the protein are still required to determine:
a. molecular weight of the unmodified protein.
b. the amino-terminal amino acid.
c. the location of disulfide bonds.
d. the number of amino acids in the protein.
e. whether the protein has the amino acid methionine in its sequence.
1. What are the 4 crucial characteristics of genetic material?
Briefly describe how why each characteristic is applicable
to DNA.
2. The following questions are about gene transcription and
translation.
a. Use the nucleotide sequence TGA CTA ACG GCT,
transcribe into mRNA, and translate into a protein.
b. Using this sequence, give an example of a
synonymous, a non- synonymous and indel mutation.
c. Which will have the biggest impact on protein
evolution?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 19.1 - What additional biological questions can be...Ch. 19.2 - What is the principle behind whole-genome shotgun...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 19.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 19.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 19.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 19.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19 - How do pseudogenes differ from genes? a. They are...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 19 - About 95% of the average human transcription unit...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 19 - When two protein-coding genes have very similar...Ch. 19 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 19 - Discuss Concepts The genome of the yeast...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 19 - Below is a sequence of 540 bases from a genome....
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- central dogma of molecular biology describe the flow of information in the cell.There are also exceptions to the central dogma. Which of the following examples is inconsistent with the flow of genetic information in the cell? a. from DNA to mRNA b.from mRNA to protien c.from protien to DNA d.from DNA to rRNA e. from DNA to tRNAarrow_forwardA mouse gene was identified and determined to be required for formation of heart muscle. A gene with a similar sequence was identified in the human genome. What experiment could scientists do to determine if the mouse and human genes have similar functions? A. The scientist could place the normal human gene into normal mice and see if the resulting mice are viable. B. The scientist could search the human genome for genes that encode proteins that are identical to the protein encoded by the mouse gene. C. The scientist could place the normal human gene into mutant mice to see if heart muscle forms in the mouse. D. The scientist could place the mutant mouse gene into humans to see if humans develop without heart muscle.arrow_forward1) Where in the heck did Class I transposons originate? a DNA mutations. b Bacteria. c Prophages. d Retroviruses. 2) What do you think about humans only having about 22,500 genes but we contain about 100,000 proteins?! a The production of quaternary shape in proteins can contribute to protein variation. b That's the work of the spliceosome! c Post-translation modifications in the Golgi Apparatus are responsible for some of that. d All the answers are correct.arrow_forward
- When we compare DNA sequences among individuals, we tend to see lots or differences In non-coding regions of the genome but very few differences in coding regions, particullarly at second codon position in exons. What explains these different levels of nucleotide diversity? A. Selection on coding regions B. Selection on non-coding regions C. Different mutation rates in coding and non-coding regions D. Protien folding patterns E. all the abovearrow_forwarda. Which gene is mutated in individuals with sickle-cell anemia? b. What are the major symptoms of this disorder? c. What was the first published scientific description of sickle-cell anemia? d. Describe two other features of this disorder that you learned from the OMIM database and state where in the database you found this informationarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the three major classes of RNAs in the cell: mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs? A. mRNAs encode polypeptide chains. B. tRNAs are structural components of the ribosome. C. rRNAs are adapter molecules that translate the information on an mRNA into a polypeptide sequence. D. mRNAs can also encode tRNAs and rRNAs.arrow_forward
- n the triplet code, which of the following is true? A. Each DNA base codes for three proteins. B. Each amino acid in a protein is coded for by three bases in the DNA C. It takes three genes to code for one protein D. Each gene codes for three proteins. E. Each triplet has many different meanings.arrow_forwardThe original DNA base sequence is 5’-AGCGTTACCGT-3’; a mutation in the DNA strand results in the base sequence 5’-AGGCGTTACCGT-3’. What can you conclude about the mutation? A. It is a frameshift mutation. B. It is a silent mutation. C. It is a deleterious mutation. D. It may result in a single amino acid change in the protein being coded for by this base sequence.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements below is incorrect? * A. the genetic code is overlapping B. the genetic code is universal C. degenerate codon specify the same amino acids D. the genetic code is triplet Which protein can break covalent bond? * A. Helicase B. Primase C. SSB D. DNA gyrase What is the complementary hnRNA base sequence produced from the DNA base sequence 5' C-T-A-T-A-C 3'? * A. 3' C-A-T-A-T-C 5' B. 3' G-A-T-A-T-G 5' C. 3' G-A-U-A- U-G 5' D. 3' C-U-A-U-A-G 5' Which of the following statements concerning the " cloverleaf" shape of tRNA molecules is correct? * A. four hairpin loops are present B. three hairpin loops and one open end are present C. two hairpin loops and two open ends are present…arrow_forward
- An individual with the genetic condition cystic fibrosis has CFTR protein with the amino acid histidine (at position 482), where the normal CFTR protein has arginine. No other changes are observed in the protein. This is the result of a ____ mutation. Select one: a. nonsense b. frameshift c. silent d. missensearrow_forward1a) Why is it possible for you to study the eye colour gene by extracting cheek cells? a. Because the nucleus of every cell in the human body contains the same genetic information. b. Because the cheek cells are located near the cells of the eye and so they are able to exchange DNA. c. Because all genes in the human body are expressed at all times so it is easy to study them. d. All of the above are possible explanations. 1b) What is the purpose of heating the sample to 75°C following addition of the 0.2M NaOH solution? a. To denature the histone proteins that are keeping the DNA tightly coiled. b. To ensure that all the DNA is removed from the swab in preparation for PCR. c. To breakdown the cheek cell membrane to release the DNA from the cell. d. It breaks down the circular DNA down into linear fragments so that they will be easier to visualize.iarrow_forwardYou may have left high school thinking that the definition of a gene is: "a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.” But that is not quite correct If that was in fact the only sequence of DNA that was transcribed, which of the following would not exist? 1. snRNA 2. ribosomes 3. tRNA 4. mRNA A. 1, 2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correctarrow_forward
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Mitochondrial mutations; Author: Useful Genetics;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GvgXe-3RJeU;License: CC-BY