Pearson eText -- Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780137488179
Author: Douglas Giancoli
Publisher: PEARSON+
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(II) In an engine, an almost ideal gas is compressed adiabatically to half its volume. In doing so, 2630 J of work is done on the gas. (a) How much heat flows into or out of the gas? (b) What is the change in internal energy of thegas? (c) Does its temperature rise or fall?
ii)
In a thermodynamic process, the pressure of a fixed amount of gas is changed so that
the gas takes 30 joule of heat and 10 J of work is done by the gas (gas is expanded). If
the initial internal energy of the gas is 25 J, estimate its final internal energy.
(II) 8.5 moles of an ideal monatomic gas expand adiabatically, performing 8300 J of work in the process. What is the change in temperature of the gas during this expansion?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Pearson eText -- Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 19.2 - Return to the Chapter-Opening Question, page 496,...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 1BECh. 19.5 - Prob. 1CECh. 19.5 - How much more ice at 10C would be needed in...Ch. 19.6 - What would be the internal energy change in...Ch. 19.7 - Is the work done by the gas in process ADB of Fig....Ch. 19.7 - In Example 1910, if the heat lost from the gas in...Ch. 19.10 - Prob. 1HECh. 19.10 - Fanning yourself on a hot day cools you by (a)...Ch. 19 - What happens to the work done on a jar of orange...
Ch. 19 - Prob. 2QCh. 19 - Prob. 3QCh. 19 - Prob. 4QCh. 19 - Prob. 5QCh. 19 - Why does water in a canteen stay cooler if the...Ch. 19 - Explain why burns caused by steam at 100C on the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8QCh. 19 - Will potatoes cook faster if the water is boiling...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10QCh. 19 - Use the conservation of energy to explain why the...Ch. 19 - Explorers on failed Arctic expeditions have...Ch. 19 - Why is wet sand at the beach cooler to walk on...Ch. 19 - When hot-air furnaces are used to heat a house,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15QCh. 19 - An ideal monatomic gas is allowed to expand slowly...Ch. 19 - Ceiling fans are sometimes reversible, so that...Ch. 19 - Goose down sleeping bags and parkas are often...Ch. 19 - Microprocessor chips nowadays have a heat sink...Ch. 19 - Sea breezes are often encountered on sunny days at...Ch. 19 - The Earth cools off at night much more quickly...Ch. 19 - Explain why air-temperature readings are always...Ch. 19 - A premature baby in an incubator can be...Ch. 19 - A 22C day is warm, while a swimming pool at 22C...Ch. 19 - Prob. 25QCh. 19 - Prob. 26QCh. 19 - Prob. 27QCh. 19 - Prob. 28QCh. 19 - Prob. 29QCh. 19 - Prob. 30QCh. 19 - Prob. 31QCh. 19 - Prob. 32QCh. 19 - An emergency blanket is a thin shiny...Ch. 19 - Explain why cities situated by the ocean tend to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 1PCh. 19 - Prob. 2PCh. 19 - Prob. 3PCh. 19 - (II) A British thermal unit (Btu) is a unit of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5PCh. 19 - Prob. 6PCh. 19 - Prob. 7PCh. 19 - (I) An automobile cooling system holds 18 L of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 9PCh. 19 - Prob. 10PCh. 19 - Prob. 11PCh. 19 - (II) When a 290-g piece of iron at 180C is placed...Ch. 19 - Prob. 13PCh. 19 - Prob. 14PCh. 19 - Prob. 15PCh. 19 - (II) The heat capacity. C, of an object is defined...Ch. 19 - (II) The 1.20-kg head of a hammer has a speed of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 18PCh. 19 - Prob. 19PCh. 19 - Prob. 20PCh. 19 - Prob. 21PCh. 19 - Prob. 22PCh. 19 - Prob. 23PCh. 19 - Prob. 24PCh. 19 - (II) High-altitude mountain climbers do not eat...Ch. 19 - Prob. 26PCh. 19 - Prob. 27PCh. 19 - Prob. 28PCh. 19 - Prob. 29PCh. 19 - Prob. 30PCh. 19 - Prob. 31PCh. 19 - Prob. 32PCh. 19 - Prob. 33PCh. 19 - Prob. 34PCh. 19 - Prob. 35PCh. 19 - Prob. 36PCh. 19 - Prob. 37PCh. 19 - Prob. 38PCh. 19 - (II) Consider the following two-step process. Heat...Ch. 19 - Prob. 40PCh. 19 - Prob. 41PCh. 19 - Prob. 42PCh. 19 - Prob. 43PCh. 19 - Prob. 44PCh. 19 - (III) Determine the work done by 1.00 mol of a van...Ch. 19 - Prob. 46PCh. 19 - (III) In the process of taking a gas from state a...Ch. 19 - (III) Suppose a gas is taken clockwise around the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 49PCh. 19 - Prob. 50PCh. 19 - Prob. 51PCh. 19 - Prob. 52PCh. 19 - What gas is it? (II) Show that the work done by n...Ch. 19 - Prob. 54PCh. 19 - Prob. 55PCh. 19 - Prob. 56PCh. 19 - (I) A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal diatomic gas,...Ch. 19 - (II) Show, using Eqs. 196 and 1915, that the work...Ch. 19 - (III) A 3.65-mol sample of an ideal diatomic gas...Ch. 19 - Prob. 61PCh. 19 - (III) A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas,...Ch. 19 - (III) Consider a parcel of air moving to a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 64PCh. 19 - Prob. 65PCh. 19 - Prob. 66PCh. 19 - Prob. 67PCh. 19 - Prob. 68PCh. 19 - Prob. 69PCh. 19 - Prob. 70PCh. 19 - Prob. 71PCh. 19 - (III) A cylindrical pipe has inner radius R1 and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 73PCh. 19 - Prob. 74GPCh. 19 - Prob. 75GPCh. 19 - Prob. 76GPCh. 19 - Prob. 77GPCh. 19 - Prob. 78GPCh. 19 - Prob. 79GPCh. 19 - Prob. 80GPCh. 19 - Prob. 81GPCh. 19 - Prob. 82GPCh. 19 - Prob. 83GPCh. 19 - Prob. 84GPCh. 19 - Prob. 85GPCh. 19 - Prob. 86GPCh. 19 - Prob. 87GPCh. 19 - The temperature of the glass surface of a 75-W...Ch. 19 - Prob. 90GPCh. 19 - A scuba diver releases a 3.60-cm-diameter...Ch. 19 - Suppose 3.0 mol of neon (an ideal monatomic gas)...Ch. 19 - Prob. 93GPCh. 19 - A diesel engine accomplishes ignition without a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 95GPCh. 19 - Prob. 96GPCh. 19 - Prob. 97GPCh. 19 - Prob. 98GPCh. 19 - Prob. 99GPCh. 19 - Prob. 100GPCh. 19 - Prob. 101GPCh. 19 - Prob. 102GPCh. 19 - Prob. 103GPCh. 19 - Prob. 104GP
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- The energy output of a heat pump is greater than the energy used to operate the pump. Why doesn't this statement violate the first law of thermodynamics?arrow_forwardWhen 400 J of heat are slowly added to 10 mol of an ideal monatomic gas, its temperature rises by 10 . What is the work done on the gas?arrow_forwardA cylinder containing three moles of a monatomic ideal gas is heated at a constant pressure of 2 atm. The temperature of the gas changes from 300 K to 350 K as a result of the expansion. Find work done (a) on the gas; and (b) by the gas.arrow_forward
- A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in which its internal energy decreases by 500 J. Over the same time interval, 220 J of work is done on the system. Find the energy transferred from it by heat.arrow_forward(I) An ideal gas expands isothermally, performing 4.30 x103 Jof work in the process. Calculate (a) the change in internal energy of the gas, and (b) the heat absorbed during this expansion.arrow_forward(I) A heat engine exhausts 8200 J of heat while performing2600 J of useful work. What is the efficiency of this engine?arrow_forward
- (i) Explain how a change in system energy and heat arerelated in thermodynamics with respect to surroundings.arrow_forward(II) A heat pump is used to keep a house warm at 22°C. How much work is required of the pump to deliver 3100 J of heat into the house if the outdoor temperature is (a) 0°C, (b) –15°C? Assume a COP of 3.0. (c) Redo for both temperatures, assuming an ideal (Carnot) coefficient of performance COP = TH/(TH – TL).arrow_forwardA quantity of ideal gas undergoes an expansion that doubles its volume. Does the gas do more work on its surroundings if the expansion is at constant pressure or at constant temperature? (i) Constant pressure; (ii) constant temperature; (iii) the same amount in both cases; (iv) not enough information is given to decide.arrow_forward
- (c) Let 1.00 kg of liquid water at 100°C be converted to steam at a pressure of 1.01 x 105Pa. The volume of water changes from an initial value of 1.00 x 10-³ m3 as a liquid to 1.5 m³ as steam. The heat of vaporization (Lv) is 2256 kJ/kg. (i) How much work is done by the system during the process? (ii) How much energy is transferred as heat? (iii) What is the change in system's energy during the process?arrow_forward. (II) A gas is enclosed in a cylinder fitted with a lightfrictionless piston and maintained at atmospheric pressure.When 254 kcal of heat is added to the gas, the volumeis observed to increase slowly from 12.0 m3 to 16.2 m3Calculate (a) the work done by the gas and (b) the changein internal energy of the gas.arrow_forward(a) If the internal energy of a systemincreases as the result of an adiabatic process, is work done on thesystem or by the system? (b) Calculate the work done on or by thesystem in part (a) if its internal energy increases by 670 Jarrow_forward
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