Foundations of Astronomy
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079151
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 32RQ
Which is older, the Moon or the Sun? How do you know?
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4.) The diagram shows the electric field lines of a positively charged conducting sphere of
radius R and charge Q.
A
B
Points A and B are located on the same field line.
A proton is placed at A and released from rest. The magnitude of the work done by the electric field in
moving the proton from A to B is 1.7×10-16 J. Point A is at a distance of 5.0×10-2m from the centre of
the sphere. Point B is at a distance of 1.0×10-1 m from the centre of the sphere.
(a) Explain why the electric potential decreases from A to B. [2]
(b) Draw, on the axes, the variation of electric potential V with distance r from the centre of the
sphere.
R
[2]
(c(i)) Calculate the electric potential difference between points A and B. [1]
(c(ii)) Determine the charge Q of the sphere. [2]
(d) The concept of potential is also used in the context of gravitational fields. Suggest why scientists
developed a common terminology to describe different types of fields. [1]
3.) The graph shows how current I varies with potential difference V across a component X.
904
80-
70-
60-
50-
I/MA
40-
30-
20-
10-
0+
0
0.5
1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
VIV
Component X and a cell of negligible internal resistance are placed in a circuit.
A variable resistor R is connected in series with component X. The ammeter reads 20mA.
4.0V
4.0V
Component X and the cell are now placed in a potential divider circuit.
(a) Outline why component X is considered non-ohmic. [1]
(b(i)) Determine the resistance of the variable resistor. [3]
(b(ii)) Calculate the power dissipated in the circuit. [1]
(c(i)) State the range of current that the ammeter can measure as the slider S of the potential divider
is moved from Q to P. [1]
(c(ii)) Describe, by reference to your answer for (c)(i), the advantage of the potential divider
arrangement over the arrangement in (b).
1.) Two long parallel current-carrying wires P and Q are separated by 0.10 m. The current in wire P is 5.0 A.
The magnetic force on a length of 0.50 m of wire P due to the current in wire Q is 2.0 × 10-s N.
(a) State and explain the magnitude of the force on a length of 0.50 m of wire Q due to the current in P. [2]
(b) Calculate the current in wire Q. [2]
(c) Another current-carrying wire R is placed parallel to wires P and Q and halfway between them as shown.
wire P
wire R
wire Q
0.05 m
0.05 m
The net magnetic force on wire Q is now zero.
(c.i) State the direction of the current in R, relative to the current in P.[1]
(c.ii) Deduce the current in R. [2]
Chapter 19 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy
Ch. 19 - Why is the solar nebula theory considered a theory...Ch. 19 - Why was the nebular hypothesis never fully...Ch. 19 - What produced the helium now present in the Suns...Ch. 19 - What produced the iron and heavier elements such...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5RQCh. 19 - What evidence can you give that disks of gas and...Ch. 19 - According to the solar nebula theory, why is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8RQCh. 19 - Prob. 9RQCh. 19 - Why does the solar nebula theory predict that...
Ch. 19 - What evidence can you give that the Solar System...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12RQCh. 19 - Prob. 13RQCh. 19 - Prob. 14RQCh. 19 - Prob. 15RQCh. 19 - Prob. 16RQCh. 19 - Prob. 17RQCh. 19 - Prob. 18RQCh. 19 - Prob. 19RQCh. 19 - Prob. 20RQCh. 19 - Prob. 21RQCh. 19 - What planet in the Solar System is larger than the...Ch. 19 - Why is almost every solid surface in the Solar...Ch. 19 - Prob. 24RQCh. 19 - Prob. 25RQCh. 19 - Prob. 26RQCh. 19 - What is the difference between condensation and...Ch. 19 - Why dont Terrestrial planets have ring systems...Ch. 19 - How does the solar nebula theory help you...Ch. 19 - Prob. 30RQCh. 19 - If rocks obtained from the Moon indicate an age of...Ch. 19 - Which is older, the Moon or the Sun? How do you...Ch. 19 - How does the solar nebula theory explain the...Ch. 19 - Did hydrogen gas condense from the nebula as the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 35RQCh. 19 - What happens if a planet has differentiated? Would...Ch. 19 - Order the following steps in the formation of a...Ch. 19 - Which step(s) listed in the previous question can...Ch. 19 - Describe two processes that could melt the...Ch. 19 - What is the evidence that Jupiter and Saturn are...Ch. 19 - Describe two processes that cleared the solar...Ch. 19 - What is the difference between a planetesimal and...Ch. 19 - Does Uranus have enough mass to have formed by...Ch. 19 - What properties of the gas and dust disks observed...Ch. 19 - Why would the astronomically short lifetime of gas...Ch. 19 - Prob. 46RQCh. 19 - Prob. 47RQCh. 19 - Describe three methods to find extrasolar planets.Ch. 19 - Why is the existence of hot Jupiters puzzling?...Ch. 19 - Prob. 50RQCh. 19 - The evidence is overwhelming that the Grand Canyon...Ch. 19 - Prob. 52RQCh. 19 - Prob. 1DQCh. 19 - Prob. 2DQCh. 19 - Prob. 3DQCh. 19 - Prob. 4DQCh. 19 - Prob. 5DQCh. 19 - Prob. 6DQCh. 19 - If you observed the Solar System from the vantage...Ch. 19 - Venus can be as bright as apparent magnitude 4.7...Ch. 19 - What is the smallest-diameter crater you can...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4PCh. 19 - Prob. 5PCh. 19 - You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on...Ch. 19 - You analyze a sample of a meteorite that landed on...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8PCh. 19 - Examine Table 18-2. What might a planets...Ch. 19 - Examine Table 18-2. What might a planets...Ch. 19 - Suppose that Earth grew to its present size in 10...Ch. 19 - Prob. 12PCh. 19 - Prob. 13PCh. 19 - What do you see in this image that indicates this...Ch. 19 - Why do astronomers conclude that the surface of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 19 - Prob. 4LTL
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