Microbiology: An Introduction
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780321733603
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 19, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The causes of hemagglutination in blood typing.
Introduction:
The ABO blood group system is classified by Karl Landsteiner in 1901. The most known blood grouping is ABO and Rh system. Blood group A indicates that the person has the A antigen and B antibody. If someone mistakenly transfuse B Blood group to A blood group person, the blood will get agglutinated immediately and cause severe symptoms.
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In terms of antigens and antibodies, explain why O- is considered a universal donor and why AB+ is considered a universal recipient. Even so, why can’t whole blood O- be donated to a person of type AB+ blood?
If you are transfusing blood to a hypothetical patient, is it more important that the transfused blood have antigens that will not react with the recipient’s antibodies or antibodies that will not react with the recipient’s antigens? Pick one and briefly explain why.
If antibody RH is given to a person with a B+ blood type what would happen?
If antibody RH is given to a person with a A- blood type what would happen?
Chapter 19 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction
Ch. 19 - DRAW IT Label IgE, antigen, and mast cell, and add...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RCh. 19 - Discuss the roles of antibodies and antigens in an...Ch. 19 - Prob. 4RCh. 19 - Prob. 5RCh. 19 - Differentiate the three types of autoimmune...Ch. 19 - Summarize the causes of immunodeficiencies. What...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8RCh. 19 - Prob. 9RCh. 19 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 19 - When and how does our immune system discriminate...Ch. 19 - The first preparations used for artificially...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3ACh. 19 - Prob. 4ACh. 19 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 19 - What does pluripotent mean? a. Ability of a single...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 19 - Antibodies against HIV are ineffective for all of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 19 - Which antibodies will be found naturally in the...Ch. 19 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 19 - Use the following choices to match the type of...Ch. 19 - Use the following choices to match the type of...Ch. 19 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 19 - Prob. 1CAECh. 19 - Prob. 2CAECh. 19 - Prob. 3CAECh. 19 - Prob. 4CAE
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- Consider a pencil-shaped protein with two epitopes, Y (the “eraser” end) and Z (the “point” end). They are recognized by antibodies A1 and A2, respectively. Draw and label a picture showing the antibodies linking proteins into a complex that could trigger endocytosis by a macrophage.arrow_forwardFill in the following table. Blood type Antigens on red blood cells Antibodies in plasma Type A+ Type A - Type B + Type B - Type AB + Type AB - Type O + Type O -arrow_forwardA person with type A+ blood gets a transfusion with type O- blood. What is most likely to happen to the recipient? A) The recipient's blood will agglutinate (clump) due to the presence of natural antibodies in the recipient's blood. B) Nothing because the donor's blood is compatible with the recipient's blood. C) The recipient's blood will agglutinate (clump) due to the presence of natural antigens on the recipient's blood cells.arrow_forward
- How are antibodies unique? Please discuss the structure of an antibody. What are the V and C regions? Discuss how the few hundred genes involved are capable of making endless amounts of antibodies. Besides medical treatment what is another way antibodies can be used?arrow_forwardDraw the antigens on the red blood cell below for someone who is A+. Draw the antibodies for this person in the surrounding plasma. What type of blood can this person receive and why?arrow_forwardWhat is the enzymatic tag on the antibodies that interacts with the substrate causing the color change?arrow_forward
- If transplanting a solid organ such as a kidney, why is MHC II matching also important to success of the graft?arrow_forwardAny plasma B-cell producing IgG antibody cannot produce IgM or IgD antibody, while a plasma B-cell producing IgM or IgD antibodies has the ability to produce IgG later on.arrow_forwardYou have a patient with abnormally high IgE antibodies. What are two scenarios that might lead to a high level of IgE antibodies? How would you find out which scenario is causing the increase in IgE?arrow_forward
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