Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134813448
Author: Audesirk, Teresa, Gerald, Byers, Bruce E.
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 19, Problem 2AC
Applying the Concepts
2. During major floods, only the topmost branches of submerged trees may be visible above the. water. If you were asked to sketch the branches below the surface of the water solely on the basis of the positions of the exposed tips, you would be attempting a reconstruction somewhat similar to the “family tree” by which systematists link various organisms according to their common ancestors (analogous to branching points). What sources of error do both exercises share? What advantages do modern systematists have?
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Looking at the diagram on the right, answer the questions with the table on the left, don't copy anyone else's work, make sure your work is clear, it's a practice assignment, I just need a clear explanation for all the answers
Phylogeny question
Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree
Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms.
Plant Group
Photosynthesis?
Seeds?
Water-conducting Tissue?
Flowers?
Ferns
X
Gymnosperms
Mosses
Angiosperms
Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions.
A
В
What characteristic appears just before group C branches off (the starred location)?
flowers
water conducting tissue
seeds
O photosynthesis
Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 19.1 - Analysis of human chromosome 2 revealed that it...Ch. 19.1 - Origin of a Killer Analysis of nucleotide...Ch. 19.1 - explain why scientific names are necessary?Ch. 19.1 - describe the type of similarities that...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 19.2 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 19.2 - explain how scientists discovered that prokaryotes...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 19.3 - Prob. 1CYL
Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1CTCh. 19 - Prob. 1MCCh. 19 - To be informative for reconstructing the phylogeny...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3MCCh. 19 - In modern systematics, classifications are...Ch. 19 - Which of the following includes all the domains...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 19 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 19 - In Linnaean classification, the eight major...Ch. 19 - Systematists determine the evolutionary...Ch. 19 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 19 - The number of named species is about ________, but...Ch. 19 - What contributions did Linnaeus and Darwin make to...Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RQCh. 19 - What techniques might you use to determine whether...Ch. 19 - Only a small fraction of the total number of...Ch. 19 - In England, daddy longlegs refers to a long-legged...Ch. 19 - Why are species designations of asexually...Ch. 19 - Applying the Concepts The pressures created by...Ch. 19 - Applying the Concepts 2. During major floods, only...Ch. 19 - Consider the following list of groups: (1)...
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- I am getting confused on how to read/label the parts of this specific phylogenetic tree as well. The layout is confusing and I am struggling to identify the branches and clades, and just where the root of the tree is.arrow_forwardCreate a hypothetical phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms X Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. D A В Being able to do photosynthesis is an example of a: O shared derived character O shared ancestral characterarrow_forward
- INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Fill out the blank with their Dichotomous key.2. In each numbered series you should read both choices, determine which choice best applies to the Phylum. Note that some Phyla are already given as guides.3. Proceed where the key tells you to go, often skipping other steps (numbers) in between that do not apply. Dichotomous key for the Major Invertebrate Phyla 1. Radial symmetry or asymmetry…………………………………………….……………………………………….… Proceed to Number 2 Bilateral symmetry………………………………………….……………………………………………………………..… Proceed to Number 4 2. Highly porous surface, not true tissues……………………………………Phylum ________________ Surface is not highly porous, true tissues present………………………………………………………..….. Proceed to Number 3 3. Exhibits pentaramous symmetry and tube feet……………………….Phylum _______________ Lacks pentamerous symmetry and tube feet, possesses tentacles (with nematocysts)…………………………………………………………………………Phylum ________________ 4. Macroscopic colony of sessile, microscopic…arrow_forwardQuestion:- Do you think, autapomorphy conveys a lot of information about phylogenetic relations hip? Please explain the reasoning.arrow_forward1. How do members of Eukarya differ from the prokaryotic groups of Chp 26 (your text lists 4 major differences)? Do these differences represent a greater success and superiority of eukaryotic over prokaryotic cells? 2. Examine Figure 27.1 from your text. How does this phylogenetic tree show that "Protists" are paraphyletic? Hint: think about what the term "paraphyletic" means in your answer.. 3. Describe at least two impacts that protists have on humans and two ecological importance's protists have on the planet. 4. What is direct sequencing and how has it been used to discover new lineages in the eukaryotic group? Be specific! 5. What is the endosymbiosis theory and what are thought to have been the three main steps in the theory? What are thought to have been the two main steps in the nucleus formation? • Previous Next MacBook Pro G Search or type URL 23 %24 &arrow_forward
- Please consider providing detailed explanationarrow_forwardTree Thinking Review Draw a bracketed phylogenetic tree of the following groups on the next blank page: • Peat Moss • Capybara • Ostrich Fern • Blobfish • White Pine Tree • Protists • Escheria coli • Mexico Whiptail Lizard • Sunflower Sea Star • Bold Jumping Spider • T. Rex • Flatworm • Apple Tree • Archaea • Chanterelle Mushroom Grasshopper Sparrow After you draw your tree, label where the following traits would have evolved. Consider that traits may have evolved more than one time. • Chloroplasts • Seeds • Endosperm • Flowers • Vascular Tissue • Mitochondria Segmentation • Central Nervous System • Notochord • Vertebrae • Nucleus • Membrane Bound Organelles • Peptidoglycans • Cranium Fur • Lactation • Feathers Jaws • Hollow Dorsal Nerve Cordarrow_forwardOn a phylogenetic tree, which term refers to lineages that diverged from the same place? sister taxa basal taxa rooted taxa dichotomous taxaarrow_forward
- Evaluate and Synthesize 16. EVOLUTION LINK Where would you position the rhyniophytes on Figure 27-13? Would the line for rhyniophytes extend to the tips of the rest of the cladogram? Why or why not?arrow_forwardfor the cactus (eukarotic) and the e coli bacteria (prokarotic) i want you to: Classify them based on modern taxonomy, and write their scientific name in three different ways based on Linnaeus. Describe their dichotomous key and show how far they are in their taxonomyfrom each other and describe how they interact together in the ecosystem basedon what you studied. what is thier location on the phylogenetic tree as well as the clade for botharrow_forwardGenerate a present (1) or absent (0) code of each character. Afterward, draw the overall phylogenetic tree with the corresponding characters splitting the tree.arrow_forward
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