Chapter 19, Problem 27P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The performance of chloroplast ATP synthase in the presence of DDT alone and DDT+ with thioredoxin present should be monitored.

Concept introduction:

DDT stands for Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane. This prevents the complete repolarization of mitochondria. High concentrations of DDT leads to the destruction of the structural integrity of mitochondria.

Thioredoxin is a class of small redox proteins, which acts as a redox signal in organisms.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The graphical behavior of control enzyme and modified enzyme when DDT concentration increased along the x-axis should be monitored.

Concept introduction:

DDT which stands for Dithiothreitol is a reducing agent which is found in biological systems.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The graphical behavior of modified enzyme which thioredoxin present and absent should be observed.

Concept introduction:

Thioredoxin & DDT are reducing agents known to be present in biological organisms.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Overall four graphs should be monitored.

Concept introduction:

This experiment is planned to determine the responsible sub unit for the difference in ATPase activity in Chloroplast & Mitochondria.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The biological process limited only to plants should be considered.

Concept introduction:

The biological process which is unique to plants is photosynthesis. It is the process of converting of the energy in sun light to chemical energy.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

For this part twenty amino acids with its structures should be considered.

Concept introduction:

Amino acid is the primary unit of protein. It has four groups as carbonyl group (- COOH), amine group (-NH₂), a hydrogen (-H) and R group. There are twenty different amino acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

Experiments related to prove reducing ability of cysteine should be mentioned.

Concept introduction:

Reducing agents has the ability to reduce. It is the capability to capture electrons in the medium.