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In electric circuits, it is common to see current behavior in the form of a square ware as shown in Fig. P19.22. Solving for the Fourier series from
we get the Fourier series
Let
FIGURE P19.22
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Chapter 19 Solutions
EBK NUMERICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS
- Newton's Law of Cooling tells us that the rate of change of the temperature of an object is proportional to the temperature difference between the object and its surroundings. This can be modeled by the differential equation dT dt k(TA), where T is the temperature of the object after t units of time have passed, A is the ambient temperature of the object's surroundings, and k is a constant of proportionality. Suppose that a cup of coffee begins at 178 degrees and, after sitting in room temperature of 61 degrees for 12 minutes, the coffee reaches 171 degrees. How long will it take before the coffee reaches 155 degrees? Include at least 2 decimal places in your answer. minutesarrow_forwardcan you help me solve this question and show workings pleasearrow_forwardLet f : X → Y and g : Y → Z be two functions. Prove that(1) if g ◦ f is injective, then f is injective; (2) if g ◦ f is surjective, then g is surjective.arrow_forward
- Solve the following boundary value problem using method of separation of variables ди 11.07 (137) 1 J²u + = = 0, -Пarrow_forwardNo chatgpt pls will upvotearrow_forwardEach answer must be justified and all your work should appear. You will be marked on the quality of your explanations. You can discuss the problems with classmates, but you should write your solutions sepa- rately (meaning that you cannot copy the same solution from a joint blackboard, for exam- ple). Your work should be submitted on Moodle, before February 7 at 5 pm. 1. True or false: (a) if E is a subspace of V, then dim(E) + dim(E) = dim(V) (b) Let {i, n} be a basis of the vector space V, where v₁,..., Un are all eigen- vectors for both the matrix A and the matrix B. Then, any eigenvector of A is an eigenvector of B. Justify. 2. Apply Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization to the system of vectors {(1,2,-2), (1, −1, 4), (2, 1, 1)}. 3. Suppose P is the orthogonal projection onto a subspace E, and Q is the orthogonal projection onto the orthogonal complement E. (a) The combinations of projections P+Q and PQ correspond to well-known oper- ators. What are they? Justify your answer. (b) Show…arrow_forward1. True or false: (a) if E is a subspace of V, then dim(E) + dim(E+) = dim(V) (b) Let {i, n} be a basis of the vector space V, where vi,..., are all eigen- vectors for both the matrix A and the matrix B. Then, any eigenvector of A is an eigenvector of B. Justify. 2. Apply Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization to the system of vectors {(1, 2, -2), (1, −1, 4), (2, 1, 1)}. 3. Suppose P is the orthogonal projection onto a subspace E, and Q is the orthogonal projection onto the orthogonal complement E. (a) The combinations of projections P+Q and PQ correspond to well-known oper- ators. What are they? Justify your answer. (b) Show that P - Q is its own inverse. 4. Show that the Frobenius product on n x n-matrices, (A, B) = = Tr(B*A), is an inner product, where B* denotes the Hermitian adjoint of B. 5. Show that if A and B are two n x n-matrices for which {1,..., n} is a basis of eigen- vectors (for both A and B), then AB = BA. Remark: It is also true that if AB = BA, then there exists a common…arrow_forwardQuestion 1. Let f: XY and g: Y Z be two functions. Prove that (1) if go f is injective, then f is injective; (2) if go f is surjective, then g is surjective. Question 2. Prove or disprove: (1) The set X = {k € Z} is countable. (2) The set X = {k EZ,nЄN} is countable. (3) The set X = R\Q = {x ER2 countable. Q} (the set of all irrational numbers) is (4) The set X = {p.√2pQ} is countable. (5) The interval X = [0,1] is countable. Question 3. Let X = {f|f: N→ N}, the set of all functions from N to N. Prove that X is uncountable. Extra practice (not to be submitted). Question. Prove the following by induction. (1) For any nЄN, 1+3+5++2n-1 n². (2) For any nЄ N, 1+2+3++ n = n(n+1). Question. Write explicitly a function f: Nx N N which is bijective.arrow_forward3. Suppose P is the orthogonal projection onto a subspace E, and Q is the orthogonal projection onto the orthogonal complement E. (a) The combinations of projections P+Q and PQ correspond to well-known oper- ators. What are they? Justify your answer. (b) Show that P - Q is its own inverse.arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
- Trigonometry (MindTap Course List)TrigonometryISBN:9781337278461Author:Ron LarsonPublisher:Cengage LearningAlgebra & Trigonometry with Analytic GeometryAlgebraISBN:9781133382119Author:SwokowskiPublisher:Cengage
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