Progressive decay series of Thorium- 232 ending up as lead- 208 is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated. Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include α particle production, β particle production, γ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus. Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle ( − 1 0 e ) that is assigned mass number zero. A helium nucleus 2 4 He is produced in the alpha decay process.

Question

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Answer 1

No particle is emitted.

The given species, that is $208Pb$ , is stable; hence, no particle is emitted.

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No particle is emitted.

The given species, that is $208Pb$ , is stable; hence, no particle is emitted.

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No particle is emitted.

The given species, that is $208Pb$ , is stable; hence, no particle is emitted.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

(k)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

No particle is emitted.

The given species, that is $208Pb$ , is stable; hence, no particle is emitted.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 20E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(a)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $232Th$ and the nuclide after the emission of particles is $228Ra$ .

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 20E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 8

(a)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $232Th$ and the nuclide after the emission of particles is $228Ra$ .

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 9

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 10

(a)

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(b)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $228Ra$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $228Ac$ .

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 13

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 14

(b)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $228Ra$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $228Ac$ .

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 15

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 16

(b)

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(c)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $228Ac$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $228Th$ .

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 19

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 20

(c)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $228Ac$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $228Th$ .

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 21

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 22

(c)

Expert Solution

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(d)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $228Th$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $224Ra$ .

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 25

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 26

(d)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $228Th$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $224Ra$ .

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 27

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 28

(d)

Expert Solution

Answer 29

Expert Solution

Answer 30

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(e)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $224Ra$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $220Rn$ .

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 31

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 32

(e)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $224Ra$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $220Rn$ .

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 33

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer 34

(e)

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(f)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $220Rn$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $216Po$

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 37

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 38

(f)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $220Rn$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $216Po$

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 39

(f)

Expert Solution

Answer 40

(f)

Expert Solution

Answer 41

Expert Solution

Answer 42

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(g)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $216Po$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $212Pb$

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 43

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 44

(g)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $216Po$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $212Pb$

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 45

(g)

Expert Solution

Answer 46

(g)

Expert Solution

Answer 47

Expert Solution

Answer 48

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(h)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $212Pb$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $212Bi$

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide. Thus, the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 49

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 50

(h)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $212Pb$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $212Bi$

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide. Thus, the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 51

(h)

Expert Solution

Answer 52

(h)

Expert Solution

Answer 53

Expert Solution

Answer 54

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(i)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $212Bi$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $212Po$

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide. Thus, the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 55

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 56

(i)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Beta particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $212Bi$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $212Po$

Since, there is no change in the mass number of the resultant nuclide. Thus, the particle emitted is a beta particle.

Answer 57

(i)

Expert Solution

Answer 58

(i)

Expert Solution

Answer 59

Expert Solution

Answer 60

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(j)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $212Po$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $208Pb$

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 61

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 62

(j)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Alpha particle is emitted.

The parent nuclide is $212Po$ and the nuclide after the emission of particle is $208Pb$

Since, there is change of $+4$ in the mass number of the resultant nuclide; this indicates that the particle emitted is an alpha particle.

Answer 63

(j)

Expert Solution

Answer 64

(j)

Expert Solution

Answer 65

Expert Solution

Answer 66

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

(k)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

No particle is emitted.

The given species, that is $208Pb$ , is stable; hence, no particle is emitted.

Answer 67

(k)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Progressive decay series of Thorium- $232$ ending up as lead- $208$ is given. Nuclear particle emitted in each step of the series is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Nuclei of radioactive element decompose in various ways. There are two major categories. One involves a change in mass number of the decaying nucleus while others do not. Types of radioactive processes include $α$ particle production, $β$ particle production, $γ$ ray production, electron capture and many others. Electron capture decay involves the capturing of one of the inner orbitals electrons by the nucleus.

Beta particle production decay involves the production of beta particle $(−10e)$ that is assigned mass number zero.

A helium nucleus $24He$ is produced in the alpha decay process.

Answer 68

(k)

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

No particle is emitted.

The given species, that is $208Pb$ , is stable; hence, no particle is emitted.

Answer 69

(k)

Expert Solution

Answer 70

(k)

Expert Solution

Answer 71

Expert Solution

Answer 72

Ch. 19 - Prob. 1RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 2RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 3RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 4RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 5RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 6RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 9RQ Ch. 19 - Prob. 10RQ

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Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

Explanation of Solution

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Chapter 19 Solutions