4. This question focuses on entrainment. a. What is entrainment? b. What environmental cues are involved in entrainment, and which one is most influential? c. Why is entrainment necessary? d. Assuming that a flash of darkness is an effective zeitgeber, what impact on circadian rhythms would you expect to result from an event such as the 2024 solar eclipse (assume it was viewed from Carbondale IL, where totality occurred at about 2 pm)? Explain your reasoning. You may wish to consult this phase response diagram. Phase Shift (Hours) Delay Zone Advance Zone Dawn Mid-day Dusk Night Dawn Time of Light Stimulus e. Finally, give a real-world example of how knowledge of circadian rhythms and entrainment has implications for human health and wellbeing or conservation biology. This example could be from your reading or from things discussed in class.

Generate one question that requires a Punnet Squre to solve the question. Then show how you calculate the possibilities of genotype and phenotype

Briefly state the physical meaning of the electrocapillary equation (Lippman equation).