(1)
To determine:
The route, by which second child was infected with MRSA in the hospital.
Concept introduction:
MRSA refers to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It is a bacterial strain that causes infections in various body parts. As it is resistant to commonly used antibiotics, it is not easy to treat. Most of the infections caused by MRSA are mild, but some are life-threatening.
(2)
To determine:
The suggestions that hospital personnel should adopt to limit the transfer of MRSA and other bacteria among patients.
Concept introduction:
MRSA refers to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It is a bacterial strain that causes infections in various body parts. As it is resistant to commonly used antibiotics, it is not easy to treat. Most of the infections caused by MRSA are mild, but some are life-threatening.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 19 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (4th Edition)
- Part A) What barrier was breached by the pathogen? Part B) Describe how that barrier works and how it can prevent mom's pathogens from infecting the fetus. A tiny 1-kg (2.2-pound) female neonate (newborn) was born two months premature. The baby had extreme difficulty breathing and had to be intubated (a breathing tube inserted). The mother, at the time of admission, had complained of mild diarrhea and abnormal abdominal pain unrelated to her pregnancy. The infectious disease doctor who was called in to consult on the case immediately recognized the likely problem and ordered blood cultures be performed on the infant. The infant was also started on intravenous antibiotics. Two days later, the lab reported finding a Gram-positive bacillus-Listeria monocytogenes-in the infant's blood. This same organism was the cause of the mother's diarrhea. The mother had unwittingly ingested some unpasteurized cheese contaminated with this pathogen and developed listeriosis. The organism entered the…arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, respectively? A) O Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of sore throats. B) O Alpha-hemolytic Streptococci turn blood agar green and include members that cause pneumonia and tooth decay, C) Gamma-hemolytic Streptococci completely lyse red blood cells on blood agar. D) O The beta-hemolytic group of Streptococci does not contain any pathogenic types.arrow_forward1) What is NDM-1? How can NDM-1 spread to different types of bacteria? 2) Why are Gram negative bacteria so much harder to treat with antibiotics? 3) What is KPC? Where does it live?arrow_forward
- All bacteria produce spores. a) Trueb) Falsearrow_forwardMatch the PAMP to the type of pathogen it is specific to. 1) Peptidoglycan 2) Lipopolysaccharides 3) RNA 4) DNA Here is the options: a) Gram-negative bacteria b) Viruses c) Gram-positive bacteriaarrow_forwardIs the bacteria staphylococci harmful to humans?arrow_forward
- A child presents with yellow crusting lesions on the arms and legs. It is determined that this is being caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. In what ways is the organism Streptococcus pyogenes different from Staphylococcus aureus?arrow_forwardChoose one infectious disease from the list below and use the chain of infection to analyze how it is spread. A. Please provide a comprehensive description of cholera. B. Describe the chain of infection cholera. The chain of infection for the chosen infectious disease must clearly include the following: 1. Identification of a) the pathogen, b) the reservoir c) means of transmission d) the susceptible host 2. Describe how one could break the chain of cholera, such as breaking the pathogen link, by providing a specific intervention. 3. Include references and relevant data.arrow_forwardThree to five days after eating Thanksgiving dinner at a restaurant, 112 people developed fever and gastroenteritis. The dinner consisted of Roast Turkey, turkey giblet soup, mashed potatoes and crushed giblet gravy. The gravy was not refrigerated and was served the entire Thanksgiving day. The analysis of leftover food showed the same bacteria as was isolated from patients. a) What was the source of illness? b) What was the most likely microbe causing this illness? c) Was this an infection or an intoxication?arrow_forward
- In 1928, British bacteriologist Alexander Fleming made an accidental discovery. He noticed that a fungus had contaminated one of the agar plates he had streaked with a bacterial species to be studied. The fungus prevented the bacteria from growing in the immediate area surrounding the fungus. Upon further investigation, Fleming found that the fungus produced a substance that was the agent responsible for killing the bacteria. He called this substance penicillin. Given this information, which statement best explains why Fleming's discovery is relevant to the general public today? O Fleming's attention to detail diverted his efforts to investigate bacteria and likely robbed humanity of important discoveries that he would have otherwise made. Fleming's sloppiness in the lab serves as a reminder to all researchers that sterile technique is critical to preventing unwanted fungal growth on bacterial plates. Fleming's discovery enabled the development of chemical substances as antibiotics to…arrow_forwardWhich statement about Yersinia pestis is false?a) Conditions inside human phagocytes activate virulence genes.b) The bacterium can form biofilms in the flea digestive system.c) Yops protein increases phagocytosis.d) The organism resembles a safety pin in certain stained preparations.e) It was responsible for the “black death” in Europe during the 1300s.arrow_forwardAbout becterial enzymes, it is CORRECT to affirm that: a). Some becterial enzymes can help the microbe fight the immune system, by destroying lgA.b). Coagulases are enzymes that use the host's fibrinogen and form a semi-solid get that isolates amd protects the bacteria.c). Some bacterial enzymes such as hyaluronidase can help the microble move through the host's tissus by destroying the tissue's components.d). Fibrolysin is an enzymes that can help from blood clots.arrow_forward