Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Volume 1, Chapters 1-22
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781439048382
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 19.49AP
In a chemical processing plant, a reaction chamber of fixed volume V0 is connected to a reservoir chamber of fixed volume 4V0 by a passage containing a thermally insulating porous plug. The plug permits the chambers to be at different temperatures. The plug allows gas to pass from either chamber to the other, ensuring that the pressure is the same in both. At one point in the processing, both chambers contain gas at a pressure of 1.00 atm and a temperature of 27.0°C. Intake and exhaust valves to the pair of chambers are closed. The reservoir is maintained at 27.0°C while the reaction chamber is heated to 400°C. What is the pressure in both chambers after that is done?
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Problem 1: Consider the two-sided chamber shown,where the right half has a volume of V
= 590 L and the left half has a volume of 2V. The chamber has a seal which separates the right from
the left half. The chamber is sealed and an ideal gas is pumped into the right side at a pressure P=
6.4 atm and temperature T= 78° C. The seal between the two sides is then opened.
2V
V
Part (a) If the physical temperature decreases by a factor of 2 while the gas fills the chamber, what is the new pressure, in kilopascals?
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Part (b) The chamber is then sealed again, trapping 2/3 of the gas molecules in the left side. The temperature of the left side is then doubled, back
to the original temperature T. What is the pressure in the left side of the chamber now, in kilopascals?
A high-pressure gas cylinder contains 50.0 L of toxic gas at a pressure of 1.40×107 N/m2 and a temperature of 25.0ºC . Its valve leaks after the cylinder is dropped. The cylinder is cooled to dry ice temperature (–78.5ºC) to reduce the leak rate and pressure so that it can be safely repaired. (a) What is the final pressure in the tank, assuming a negligible amount of gas leaks while being cooled and that there is no phase change? (b) What is the final pressure if one-tenth of the gas escapes? (c) To what temperature must the tank be cooled to reduce the pressure to 1.00 atm (assuming the gas does not change phase and that there isno leakage during cooling)? (d) Does cooling the tank appear to be a practical solution?
A cylinder with initial volume V contains a sample of a gas at pressure p. On one end of the
cylinder, piston is let free to move so that the gas slowly expands in such a way that its pressure
is directly proportional to its volume. After the gas reaches the volume 3V and pressure 3p, the
piston is pushed in so that the gas is compressed isobarically to its original volume V. The gas is
then cooled isochorically until it returns to the original volume and pressure.
Find the work W done on the gas during the entire process.
VISUALIZE Show the process on a pV diagram. Note whether it happens to be one of the basic gas processes: isochoric, isobaric, or isothermal.
SOLVE Calculate the work as the area under the pV curve either geometrically or by carrying out the integration:
work done on the gas W
REVIEW Check your signs.
W> 0 when the gas is compressed. Energy is transferred from the environment to the gas.
• W <0 when the gas expands. Energy is transferred from the gas to the…
Chapter 19 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Volume 1, Chapters 1-22
Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1QQCh. 19 - Consider the following pairs of materials. Which...Ch. 19 - If you are asked to make a very sensitive glass...Ch. 19 - Two spheres are made of the same metal and have...Ch. 19 - A common material for cushioning objects in...Ch. 19 - On a winter day, you turn on your furnace and the...Ch. 19 - Markings to indicate length are placed on a steel...Ch. 19 - When a certain gas under a pressure of 5.00 106...Ch. 19 - If the volume of an ideal gas is doubled while its...Ch. 19 - The pendulum of a certain pendulum clock is made...
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