The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown. Concept introduction: Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides ( RMgX ) are known as Grignard reagent . The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

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AG/F-2° V 3. Before proceeding with this problem you may want to glance at p. 466 of your textbook where various oxo-phosphorus derivatives and their oxidation states are summarized. Shown below are Latimer diagrams for phosphorus at pH values at 0 and 14: -0.93 +0.38 -0.50 -0.51 -0.06 H3PO4 →H4P206 →H3PO3 →→H3PO₂ → P → PH3 Acidic solution Basic solution -0.28 -0.50 3--1.12 -1.57 -2.05 -0.89 PO HPO H₂PO₂ →P → PH3 -1.73 a) Under acidic conditions, H3PO4 can be reduced into H3PO3 directly (-0.28V), or via the formation and reduction of H4P206 (-0.93/+0.38V). Calculate the values of AG's for both processes; comment. (3 points) 0.5 PH P 0.0 -0.5 -1.0- -1.5- -2.0 H.PO, -2.3+ -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 2 H,PO, b) Frost diagram for phosphorus under acidic conditions is shown. Identify possible disproportionation and comproportionation processes; write out chemical equations describing them. (2 points) H,PO 4 S Oxidation stale, N

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2. Calculate the overall formation constant for [Fe(CN)6]³, given that the overall formation constant for [Fe(CN)6] 4 is ~1032, and that: Fe3+ (aq) + e = Fe²+ (aq) E° = +0.77 V [Fe(CN)6]³ (aq) + e¯ = [Fe(CN)6] (aq) E° = +0.36 V (4 points)

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.9, Problem 18.8P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way by which the given alcohol is prepared by treating an ester with a Grignard reagent has to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl or aryl magnesium halides (RMgX) are known as Grignard reagent. The Grignard reaction is an organometallic chemical reaction in which the Grignard reagent act as nucleophile and attack electrophilic carbon atom that are present within polar bonds to yield a carbon-carbon bond

Reaction of Grignard reagent with a formic ester followed by hydrolysis in aqueous acid yields secondary alcohol. Tertiary alcohol can be prepared by the reaction of Grignard reagent with ester other than formate.

Answer 10

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.1P Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 18.2P Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 18.3P Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 18.4P Ch. 18.4 - Synthesis of nitriles by nucleophilic displacement...Ch. 18.5 - Complete the following transesterification...Ch. 18.6 - Complete and balance equations for the following...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. AQ Ch. 18.8 - Several compounds have been found to inhibit...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. CQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that Grignard reagents act as nucleophiles and attack electrophilic carbon atoms to yield a carbon-carbon bond. Tertiary alcohols can be prepared by the reaction

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