For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition. Concept introduction: Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene. The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion. When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.7, Problem 24PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For the given compounds, major products should be predicted when each of them are treated with Birch condition.

Concept introduction:

Birch reduction converts aromatic compound having benzoid ring in to a product 1, 4-cyclohexa diene.

The product having hydrogen atoms attached on opposite end of the molecule

Birch reduction is the reduction of aromatic rings with sodium , potassium or lithium and an alcohol in liquid ammonia

Birch reduction is unlike catalytic hydrogenation

When the benzene with an electron donating group such as alkyl group is treated with Birch reduction, the carbon atom connected to the alkyl group is not reduced. Electron donating effect destabilizes the radical anion.

When an electron withdrawing groups are used, different regiochemical outcome is observed. Electron withdrawing effect stabilizes the intermediate.

Answer 18

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 19

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 20

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Answer 21

Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 2ATS Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 3ATS Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 4ATS Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 5ATS Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 6CC Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 9CC Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 10CC

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Chapter 18 Solutions