Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 8TYU
SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE
Insects have three thoracic (trunk) segments. While researchers have found fossils with wings on all segments, modern insects have wings or related structures on only the second and third segments. Hox gene products inhibit wing formation on the first segment. The treehopper is an exception. Its first segment has an ornate helmet that is a modified fused pair of "wings." which provide camouflage in branches, reducing risk of predation. Explain how changes in gene regulation could have led to this evolution.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Explain the advantage of the systems biology...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.3 - The best estimate is that the human genome...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.4 - Discuss the characteristics of mammalian genomes...Ch. 18.4 - Which of the three mechanisms described in Figures...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 18.5 - Describe three examples of errors in cellular...Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.6 - Would you expect the genome of the macaque (a...Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 18 - Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common...Ch. 18 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The scientists mapping human...Ch. 18 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Genes important in the...Ch. 18 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION The continuity of life is...Ch. 18 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Insects have three...
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- . Complete genome sequences indicate that the humangenome has roughly 27,000 genes, while the worm(nematode) genome has about 22,000 genes. Explainhow the human genome with only about 20% moregenes can encode a creature enormously more complex than the worm.arrow_forwardHomeotic genes(A) encode transcription factors that control the expression ofgenes responsible for specific anatomical structures.(B) are found only in Drosophila and other arthropods.(C) are the only genes that contain the homeobox domain.(D) encode proteins that form anatomical structures in the fly.arrow_forwardAbsence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to theabsence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-imageduplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the productof the bicoid gene(A) normally leads to formation of head structures.(B) normally leads to formation of tail structures.(C) is transcribed in the early embryo.(D) is a protein present in all head structures.arrow_forward
- The sequence of genes in a hypothetical animal cell is normally A-B-C-D. This results in normal development. Due to a mutation, the genes change position (A-C-D-B) resulting in abnormal development. This research was originally conducted and verified by which biologist?arrow_forwardHomeotic (Hox genes in vertebrates) code for expression of that regulate the OD) Transcription factors, genes that determine segment identity and structure OC) Poly-A tails, that code for proteins that control muscle differentiation OE) Transcription factors, genes that control muscle differentiation OA) Operators, inducible genes coding for enzymes in metabolic pathwaysarrow_forwardWhich of the following examples from class show that a mutation can have evolutionary benefits? Group of answer choices C) Hox mutations that lead to legs developing on fruit flies where antennae should be A and B A, B, and C B) Hox mutations leading to limbs with digits forming from lobe fins A) Stickleback fish mutationarrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT true regarding Hox genes. A) The sequence they appear in their corresponding chromosomes is the same order of their expression along the front to back of the developing animal. B) Homologues of the same Hox genes found in flies can be found in humans. C) Hox genes are only found in animals with bilateral symmetry. D) Animals with more complex body plans tend to have more sets of Hox genes through gene duplication events.arrow_forwardOpsin proteins detect light in photoreceptor cells of theeye and are required for color vision. The nocturnal owlmonkey, the nocturnal bush baby, and the subterraneanblind mole rat have different mutations in an opsin genethat render it nonfunctional. Explain why all three species can tolerate mutations in this gene that operates inmost other mammals.arrow_forward5. This diagram illustrates regulation of the Pitx-1 gene, which is expressed in various cell types • during certain stages of animal embryonic development. Answer the questions that follow: Promoter Coding Region Pelvis Olfactory Jaw Regulatory Segments ("Switches") a. Which portion of this sequence gets transcribed and translated into a protein? b. Which portion of this sequence underwent a deletion mutation in certain species of freshwater stickleback fish? Did that mutation have an impact on the amino acid sequence of the protein, when it was expressed? С. d. If this switch underwent the same mutation in a turtle embryo, how would the turtle's phenotype be impacted? е. Would this phenotypic change in the turtle likely be adaptive? Briefly explain.arrow_forward
- You discover a new Drosophila mutant in which mouthparts are located where the antennae are normally found. You predict that the mutated gene is most likely a (a) homeotic gene (b) gap gene (c) pair–rule gene (d) maternal effect gene (e) segment polarity genearrow_forwardAnimal Models: The Search for Behavior Genes You are a researcher studying an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. You have cloned the gene underlying the disorder and have found that it encodes an enzyme that is overexpressed in the neurons of individuals who have the disorder. To better understand how this enzyme causes neurodegeneration in humans, you make a strain of transgenic Drosophila whose nerve cells overexpress the enzyme. a. How might you use these transgenic flies to try to gain insight into the disease or identify drugs that might be useful in the treatment of the disease? b. Can you think of any potential limitations of this approach?arrow_forwardThe path of whale evolution has involved the reduction or loss of several traits that are still prominent in most other mammals. TRUE (1) or FALSE (2). In terrestrial mammals, the sense of smell (olfaction) involves receptor proteins encoded by a number of genes. Whales don't have a sense of smell underwater, but their genomes still contain copies (pseudogenes) of some of these olfactory genes in their genomes. Because they are still present in whales' genomes, these genes must serve some other function in whales. Whales have some vestigial features like muscles that are attached to external ears in other mammals, even though whales have lost their external ears. Humans also lost some traits (e.g., body fur) and also have some vestigial traits, such as a mechanism to cause fur to stand on end even though we are mostly hairless (i.e., arrector pili muscles that produce goosebumps). Some features like hindlimb buds and whiskers are observed…arrow_forward
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FOSSIL FRIDAY: Primate Evolution | Grades 7-10; Author: Museum of the Rockies;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9tVLfvm3AFk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY