An electrochemical cell with a standard hydrogen electrode and a copper metal electrode is given. Various questions based on the given concentration of ions and cell potential are to be answered. Concept introduction: The standard reduction potential for hydrogen ion is zero, therefore the standard hydrogen electrode is chosen as the reference electrode for the calculation of standard reduction potential of other electrodes. The relationship between reduction potential and standard reduction potential value and activities of species present in an electrochemical cell at a given temperature is given by the Nernst equation. The value of E cell is calculated using Nernst formula, E = E ° − ( R T n F ) ln ( Q ) At room temperature the above equation is specifies as, E = E ° − ( 0.0591 n ) log ( Q ) To determine: The potential of the cell at 25 ° C if a nickel metal electrode immersed in a solution with a given concentration and is separated by a porous disk from an aluminum metal electrode.
An electrochemical cell with a standard hydrogen electrode and a copper metal electrode is given. Various questions based on the given concentration of ions and cell potential are to be answered. Concept introduction: The standard reduction potential for hydrogen ion is zero, therefore the standard hydrogen electrode is chosen as the reference electrode for the calculation of standard reduction potential of other electrodes. The relationship between reduction potential and standard reduction potential value and activities of species present in an electrochemical cell at a given temperature is given by the Nernst equation. The value of E cell is calculated using Nernst formula, E = E ° − ( R T n F ) ln ( Q ) At room temperature the above equation is specifies as, E = E ° − ( 0.0591 n ) log ( Q ) To determine: The potential of the cell at 25 ° C if a nickel metal electrode immersed in a solution with a given concentration and is separated by a porous disk from an aluminum metal electrode.
Solution Summary: The author describes an electrochemical cell with a standard hydrogen electrode and copper metal electrode as the reference electrode for the calculation of standard reduction potential of other electrodes.
Definition Definition Study of chemical reactions that result in the production of electrical energy. Electrochemistry focuses particularly on how chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and vice-versa. This energy is used in various kinds of cells, batteries, and appliances. Most electrochemical reactions involve oxidation and reduction.
Chapter 18, Problem 78E
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
An electrochemical cell with a standard hydrogen electrode and a copper metal electrode is given. Various questions based on the given concentration of ions and cell potential are to be answered.
Concept introduction:
The standard reduction potential for hydrogen ion is zero, therefore the standard hydrogen electrode is chosen as the reference electrode for the calculation of standard reduction potential of other electrodes.
The relationship between reduction potential and standard reduction potential value and activities of species present in an electrochemical cell at a given temperature is given by the Nernst equation.
The value of
Ecell is calculated using Nernst formula,
E=E°−(RTnF)ln(Q)
At room temperature the above equation is specifies as,
E=E°−(0.0591n)log(Q)
To determine: The potential of the cell at
25°C if a nickel metal electrode immersed in a solution with a given concentration and is separated by a porous disk from an aluminum metal electrode.
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
An electrochemical cell with a standard hydrogen electrode and a copper metal electrode is given. Various questions based on the given concentration of ions and cell potential are to be answered.
Concept introduction:
The standard reduction potential for hydrogen ion is zero, therefore the standard hydrogen electrode is chosen as the reference electrode for the calculation of standard reduction potential of other electrodes.
The relationship between reduction potential and standard reduction potential value and activities of species present in an electrochemical cell at a given temperature is given by the Nernst equation.
The value of
Ecell is calculated using Nernst formula,
E=E°−(RTnF)ln(Q)
At room temperature the above equation is specifies as,
E=E°−(0.0591n)log(Q)
To determine: The value of concentration of
Al3+ at the given measured potential.
An expression for the root mean square velocity, vrms, of a gas was derived. Using Maxwell’s velocity distribution, one can also calculate the mean velocity and the most probable velocity (mp) of a collection of molecules. The equations used for these two quantities are vmean=(8RT/πM)1/2 and vmp=(2RT/M)1/2 These values have a fixed relationship to each other.(a) Arrange these three quantities in order of increasing magnitude.(b) Show that the relative magnitudes are independent of the molar mass of the gas.(c) Use the smallest velocity as a reference for establishing the order of magnitude and determine the relationship between the larger and smaller values.
The reaction of solid dimethylhydrazine, (CH3)2N2H2, and liquefied dinitrogen tetroxide, N2O4, has been investigated for use as rocket fuel. The reaction produces the gases carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water vapor (H2O), which are ejected in the exhaust gases. In a controlled experiment, solid dimethylhydrazine was reacted with excess dinitrogen tetroxide, and the gases were collected in a closed balloon until a pressure of 2.50 atm and a temperature of 400.0 K were reached.(a) What are the partial pressures of CO2, N2, and H2O?(b) When the CO2 is removed by chemical reaction, what are the partial pressures of the remaining gases?
One liter of chlorine gas at 1 atm and 298 K reacts completely with 1.00 L of nitrogen gas and 2.00 L of oxygen gas at the same temperature and pressure. A single gaseous product is formed, which fills a 2.00 L flask at 1.00 atm and 298 K. Use this information to determine the following characteristics of the product:(a) its empirical formula;(b) its molecular formula;(c) the most favorable Lewis formula based on formal charge arguments (the central atom is N);(d) the shape of the molecule.
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Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell