Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Formation of each isotope in the given conversion has to be written in terms of balanced equation.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is that element 117 is synthesized by collision of berkelium-249 and calcium-48 nuclei. The products formed are two isotopes of element 117.
One isotope is formed by emission of three neutrons. As three neutrons are emitted, the mass number is reduced by three. The balanced
Another isotope is formed by emission of four neutrons. As four neutrons are emitted, the mass number is reduced by four. The balanced nuclear equation can be given as,
(b)
Interpretation:
Series of balanced nuclear equation has to be written when the lighter
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Lighter isotope is
First Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and
Second Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 113 and mass number of 285. The element with atomic number 113 is represented as
Third Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 111 and mass number of 281. The element with atomic number 111 is represented as
(c)
Interpretation:
Series of balanced nuclear equation has to be written when the heavier isotope of element 117 undergoes three successive alpha emissions has to be written.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Heavier isotope is
First Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 115 and mass number of 290. The element with atomic number 115 is represented as
Second Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 113 and mass number of 286. The element with atomic number 113 is represented as
Third Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 111 and mass number of 282. The element with atomic number 111 is represented as
Fourth Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 109 and mass number of 278. The element with atomic number 109 is represented as
Fifth Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 107 and mass number of 274. The element with atomic number 107 is represented as
Sixth Alpha emission:
When alpha particle emission takes place, the mass number is reduced by 4 and atomic number is reduced by 2. The formed nucleus will have atomic number of 105 and mass number of 270. The element with atomic number 105 is represented as
(d)
Interpretation:
The Group the element 117 is present in the periodic table has to be identified.
(d)

Explanation of Solution
On looking into the periodic table, Element 117 is present in Group VIIA. Element 117 is present below Astatine.
(e)
Interpretation:
Name of the Group where the element 117 is present has to be given.
(e)

Explanation of Solution
On looking into the periodic table, Element 117 is present in Group VIIA. Group VIIA is known as halogen group.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
OWLV2 FOR MOORE/STANITSKI'S CHEMISTRY:
- A student proposes the transformation below in one step of an organic synthesis. There may be one or more reactants missing from the left-hand side, but there are no products missing from the right-hand side. There may also be catalysts, small inorganic reagents, and other important reaction conditions missing from the arrow. • Is the student's transformation possible? If not, check the box under the drawing area. . If the student's transformation is possible, then complete the reaction by adding any missing reactants to the left-hand side, and adding required catalysts, inorganic reagents, or other important reaction conditions above and below the arrow. • You do not need to balance the reaction, but be sure every important organic reactant or product is shown. + T X O O лет-ле HO OH HO OH This transformation can't be done in one step.arrow_forwardDetermine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: X+H₂O H* H+ Y OH OH Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic molecules X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X Sarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction. If there aren't any products, because nothing will happen, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. HO. O :☐ + G Na O.H Click and drag to start drawing a structure. XS xs H₂Oarrow_forward
- What are the angles a and b in the actual molecule of which this is a Lewis structure? H H C H- a -H b H Note for advanced students: give the ideal angles, and don't worry about small differences from the ideal groups may have slightly different sizes. a = b = 0 °arrow_forwardWhat are the angles a and b in the actual molecule of which this is a Lewis structure? :0: HCOH a Note for advanced students: give the ideal angles, and don't worry about small differences from the ideal that might be caused by the fact that different electron groups may have slightly different sizes. a = 0 b=0° Sarrow_forwardDetermine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: + H₂O +H OH O OH +H OH X Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structure of the missing organic molecule X. Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
- Identify the missing organic reactant in the following reaction: x + x O OH H* + ☑- X H+ O O Х Note: This chemical equation only focuses on the important organic molecules in the reaction. Additional inorganic or small-molecule reactants or products (like H₂O) are not shown. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structure of the missing organic reactant X. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Carrow_forwardCH3O OH OH O hemiacetal O acetal O neither O 0 O hemiacetal acetal neither OH hemiacetal O acetal O neither CH2 O-CH2-CH3 CH3-C-OH O hemiacetal O acetal CH3-CH2-CH2-0-c-O-CH2-CH2-CH3 O neither HO-CH2 ? 000 Ar Barrow_forwardWhat would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis? 1. PPh3 2 2. n-BuLi 3 Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like. • Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is. • Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
- Predict the products of this organic reaction: NaBH3CN + NH2 ? H+ Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ×arrow_forwardPredict the organic products that form in the reaction below: + OH +H H+ ➤ ☑ X - Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Garrow_forwardPredict the organic products that form in the reaction below: OH H+ H+ + ☑ Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ✓ marrow_forward
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