Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150544
Author: Bill W. Tillery
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Chapter 18, Problem 6PEB
What is the pressure, in N/m2, at the base of the mantle? (Ignore the crust and assume
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HEIGHT OF A CONTINENT ABOVE THE MANTLE. In the figure below, a
simple model considers a continent as a block (density = 2,800 kg/m^3)
floating in the mantle (density = 3,300 kg/m3). Assuming the continent is
35 km thick (the average thickness of the Earth's crust), estimate the
height (in km) of the continent above the surrounding mantle.
Continent
(density = 2800 kg/m3)
mg
Mantle rock (density = 3300 kg/m³)
5.3.
7.4.
9.8
12.
17.
Earth's mass ia 6x10^24 kg and its radius is 6.4x10^6 m.
What is the average mass density of Earth?
The density of the rocks compromising Earth's outermost layer (its "crust") ranges from 2000 to 3500 kg/m ^3.
Based on your answer, what can you conclude about the material deep inside Earth's interior?
HW-1
Q.4
Calculate the temperature, hydrostatic pressure, lithostatic
pressure, and the effective pressure for the following
conditions;
Surface temperature%=D 60 °F
Temperature gradient=1.45 °F/100 ft
Depth of the layer =8,000 ft
Specific gravity of the rock=D2.6
Chapter 18 Solutions
Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
Ch. 18 - 1. The core of Earth is composed of
a. iron and...Ch. 18 - 2. The middle part of Earth's interior is
a....Ch. 18 - 3. The separation of materials that gave Earth its...Ch. 18 - 4. A vibration that moves through any part of...Ch. 18 - 5. The S-wave is a
a. longitudinal wave.
b....Ch. 18 - 6. Waves that occur where S- or P-waves reach the...Ch. 18 - 7. The three main areas of Earth’s interior are
a....Ch. 18 - 8. The boundary between the crust and the mantle...Ch. 18 - 9. The mantle is composed of
a. sulfides.
b....Ch. 18 - 10. Seismological studies suggests that the...
Ch. 18 - 11. Evidence from meteorite studies proposes that...Ch. 18 - 12. The layer in Earth where seismic waves sharply...Ch. 18 - 13. The layer that is broken up into plates that...Ch. 18 - 14. The name of the single large continent...Ch. 18 - 15. Records of the strength and directions of...Ch. 18 - 16. The chain of mountains found in the center of...Ch. 18 - 17. Long, deep, and narrow oceanic trenches are...Ch. 18 - 18. The theory that the lithosphere is composed of...Ch. 18 - 19. The plate boundary associated with the...Ch. 18 - 20. The movement of one plate under another plate...Ch. 18 - 21. Transform boundaries occur when
a. two plates...Ch. 18 - 22. What is the current theory about why the...Ch. 18 - 23. The seismic waves that cause the most damage...Ch. 18 - 24. Earth’s mantle has a chemical composition that...Ch. 18 - 25. From seismological data, Earth’s shadow zone...Ch. 18 - 26. The Mohorovicic discontinuity is a change in...Ch. 18 - 27. The oldest rocks are found in
a. continental...Ch. 18 - 28. The least dense rocks are found in
a....Ch. 18 - 29. The idea of seafloor spreading along the...Ch. 18 - 30. According to the plate tectonics theory,...Ch. 18 - 31. The presence of an oceanic trench, a chain of...Ch. 18 - 32. The presence of an oceanic trench with shallow...Ch. 18 - 33. The ongoing occurrence of earthquakes without...Ch. 18 - 34. The evidence that Earth's core is part liquid...Ch. 18 - 35. The surfaces of early planets in our solar...Ch. 18 - 36. The early Earth’s core is thought to have...Ch. 18 - 37. Indirect evidence that supports the theory of...Ch. 18 - 38. The oceanic crust is
a. thicker than the...Ch. 18 - 39. Seismic waves that do not travel through...Ch. 18 - 40. The fastest seismic wave is the
a. P-wave.
b....Ch. 18 - 41. Information about the composition and nature...Ch. 18 - 42. Primary information about the nature of the...Ch. 18 - 43. The asthenosphere is not defined as
a....Ch. 18 - 44. Earth’s magnetic field is thought to be...Ch. 18 - 45. Studies of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge provided...Ch. 18 - 46. Evidence that supports seafloor spreading does...Ch. 18 - 47. A geologic feature that was produced by...Ch. 18 - 48. Which type of plate boundary accounts for the...Ch. 18 - 49. Which type of plate boundary was responsible...Ch. 18 - 50. A famous transform boundary in the United...Ch. 18 - 51. Plate movement is measured by
a. reflected...Ch. 18 - 52. Islands that form when melted subducted...Ch. 18 - 1. Describe one theory of how Earth came to have a...Ch. 18 - 2. Briefly describe the internal composition and...Ch. 18 - 3. What is the asthenosphere? Why is it important...Ch. 18 - 4. Describe the parts of Earth included in the (a)...Ch. 18 - 5. What is continental drift? How is it different...Ch. 18 - 6. Rocks, sediments, and fossils around an oceanic...Ch. 18 - 7. Describe the origin of the magnetic strip...Ch. 18 - 8. Explain why ancient rocks are not found on the...Ch. 18 - 9. Describe the three major types of plate...Ch. 18 - 10. What is an island arc? Where are they found?...Ch. 18 -
11. Briefly describe a model that explains how...Ch. 18 - 12. Briefly describe the theory of plate tectonics...Ch. 18 - 13. What is an oceanic trench? What is the...Ch. 18 - 14. Describe the probable source of all the...Ch. 18 - 15. The northwestern coast of the United States...Ch. 18 - 16. Explain how the crust of Earth is involved in...Ch. 18 - 1. Why are there no active volcanoes in the...Ch. 18 - 2. Describe cycles that occur on Earth's surface...Ch. 18 - 3. Discuss evidence that would explain why plate...Ch. 18 - 4. Analyze why you would expect most earthquakes...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PEACh. 18 - Prob. 2PEACh. 18 - Prob. 3PEACh. 18 - Prob. 4PEACh. 18 - Prob. 5PEACh. 18 - Prob. 6PEACh. 18 - Prob. 7PEACh. 18 - Prob. 8PEACh. 18 - Prob. 9PEACh. 18 - Prob. 10PEACh. 18 - Prob. 11PEACh. 18 - Prob. 12PEACh. 18 - Prob. 13PEACh. 18 - Prob. 14PEACh. 18 - Prob. 15PEACh. 18 - 1. The rate at which the temperature increases...Ch. 18 - 2. Based on a geothermal gradient of 15°C/km, what...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 18 - 4. What is the pressure, in N/m2, at the depth of...Ch. 18 - 5. What is the pressure, in N/m2, at a depth of 75...Ch. 18 - 6. What is the pressure, in N/m2, at the base of...Ch. 18 - 7. Wood floating in water can demonstrate how the...Ch. 18 - 8. A teacher would like to demonstrate the...Ch. 18 - 9. A survey of a mid-oceanic ridge determined the...Ch. 18 - 10. GPS stations on two separate plates have...Ch. 18 - 11. What is the geothermal gradient along a...Ch. 18 - 12. What are the subduction direction and slope of...Ch. 18 - 13. What are the subduction direction and slope,...Ch. 18 - 14. Earthquake data from a subduction zone are...Ch. 18 - 15. The North American Plate is moving west at a...
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