Pearson eText Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135564172
Author: Mark Sanders, John Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 18, Problem 6P
What is the difference between a parasegment and segment in Drosophila development? Why do developmental biologists think of parasegments as the subdivisions that are produced during development of flies?
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Discuss how the anterior portion of the anteroposterior axis is established in Drosophila. What aspects of oogenesis are critical in establishing this axis? What do you think would happen if the bicoid mRNA was not trapped at the anterior end but instead diffused freely throughout the oocyte?
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Pearson eText Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 18 - 18.1 Explain why many developmental genes encode...Ch. 18 - Bird beaks develop from an embryonic group of...Ch. 18 - 18.3 How is positional information provided along...Ch. 18 - Early development in Drosophila is atypical in...Ch. 18 - 18.5 Consider the evenskipped regulatory sequences...Ch. 18 - What is the difference between a parasegment and...Ch. 18 - Why do loss-of-function mutations in Hox genes...Ch. 18 - 18.8 Compare and contrast the specification of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Ablation of the anchor cell in wild type C....
Ch. 18 - 18.11 In gain-of-function and. elegans mutants,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - 18.14 Given that maternal Bicoid activates the...Ch. 18 - What phenotypes do you expect in flies homozygous...Ch. 18 - The pair rule gene fushitarazu is expressed in...Ch. 18 - 18.17 In contrast to Drosophila, some insects...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - 18.19 You are traveling in the Netherlands and...Ch. 18 - 19.20 A powerful approach to identifying genes of...Ch. 18 - The Hoxd 913 genes are thought to specify digit...Ch. 18 - Three-spined stickleback fish live in lakes formed...Ch. 18 - The flowering jungle plant Lacandoniaschismatica,...Ch. 18 - 18.24 Homeotic genes are thought to regulate each...Ch. 18 - Prob. 25PCh. 18 - Basidiomycota is a monophyletic group of fungi...Ch. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - In C. elegans there are two sexes: hermaphrodite...Ch. 18 - In Drosophila, recessive mutations in the...
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- provide one example from the Drosophila AP toolkit for "Toolkit genes can be classified according to the phenotypes caused by their mutation. Similar mutant phenotypes often reflect genes that function in a single developmental pathway. Distinct pathways exist for the generation of body axes, for example, and for the formation and identity of fields."arrow_forwardWhy is it that mutations in bicoid and nanos exhibit genetic maternal effect in Drosophila (a mutation in the maternal parent produces a phenotype that shows up in the offspring), but mutations in runt and gooseberry do not?arrow_forwardThe Drosophila homeotic mutation spineless aristapedia (ssa ) results in the formation of a miniature tarsal structure (normally part of the leg) on the end of the antenna. What insight is provided by (ssa ) concerning the role of genes during determination?arrow_forward
- The anterior–posterior axis of a Drosophila embryo is first established by certain (a) homeotic genes (b) maternal effect genes (c) segmentation genes (d) proto-oncogenes (e) pair–rule genesarrow_forwardExplain the Retrotransposons—the Copia –White-Apricot System in Drosophila ?arrow_forwardWhat changes, if any, would you predict would occur in the pigmentation of Drosophila melanogaster with increased global warming? What type of genetic changes would you expect to see? Be as specific as you can.arrow_forward
- ) Explain how and why dorsal/ventral polarity will be affected in fly Question 3 (1. embryos carrying the following mutations; also in each case darken in the area of the cells in the cross-sectional view of the fly embryo which are expected to express the paulie gene. D = dorsal; V = ventral. a) a mutation which results in the deletion of the cytoplasmic domain of the Cookie protein. b) A mutation which results in a constitutively active Bombe protein, i.e. the Bombe protein is always in an activated state. c) A mutation which causes the Pickle protein to be retained in the cytoplasm of the embryo.arrow_forwardAnother way to study the role of proteins (e.g., transcription factors) that function in development is to microinject the mRNA that encodes a protein, or the purified protein itself, into an oocyte or embryo, and then determine how this affects the subsequent development of the embryo, larva, and adult. For example, if Bicoid protein is injected into the posterior region of an oocyte, the resulting embryo will develop into a larva that has anterior structures at both ends. Based on your understanding of the function of each developmental gene, what would be the predicted phenotype if the following proteins or mRNAs were injected into normal oocytes? A. Nanos mRNA injected into the anterior end of an oocyte B. Antp protein injected into the posterior end of an embryo C. Toll mRNA injected into the dorsal side of an early embryoarrow_forwardFollowing a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call c and d. The two homozygous c/c and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/c and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for c and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the lestcross only 125 are rhythmic. Using the number of flies expected for the Parental and the Recombinant genotypes and the formula that defines recombination frequency, what is the distance between loci C…arrow_forward
- Following a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call c and d. The two homozygous c/c and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/c and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for c and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic. Considering that out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic how many flies in total are approximatively expected for the Parental genotypes?…arrow_forwardFollowing a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call c and d. The two homozygous c/c and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/c and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for c and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic. What is the genotype of Males 4? Select only one answer. 01. C/C D/D O 2. C/C D/d O3. C/C d/d O 4. C/C D/D O 5. c/c D/d O 6. C/cd/d 07. c/c D/D O 8. C/C D/d O 9. c/cd/d Karrow_forwardFollowing a mutagenesis experiment to identify novel genes affecting the circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster you discover several mutants. You start considering two of those mutants that you call C and d. The two homozygous C/C and d/d are arrhythmic (arrhythmic is the definition of their phenotype), whereas the two heterozygous C/C and D/d are rhythmic (rhythmic is the definition of their phenotype) with a 24h period. You make two true-breeding stocks: stock 3 homozygous for C and stock 4 homozygous for d. You cross them in both directions and in both cases you observe complementation with no difference between males and females. Then you take the progeny of one cross, for instance the F1 of Females 3 x Males 4, and you perform a Testcross. Out of 1000 flies resulting from the Testcross only 125 are rhythmic. Using the number of flies expected for the Parental and the Recombinant genotypes and the formula that defines recombination frequency, what is the distance between loci C…arrow_forward
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