Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781118918401
Author: Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 18, Problem 38CQ
Summary Introduction
To explain: Dietary restriction can slow aging process.
Concept introduction: When sufficient food is not acquired, the body faces dietary restrictions. During those starvation times, the amino acids are used as
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The preferred substrate is T because the enzyme half-saturates at 7.00 mM for T, but requires 28.0 mM for U, and 112 mM for S.
b
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The rate constant k 2 with substrate S is 9.60×107 sec-1, with substrate T, k 2 = 6.00×104 sec-1, and with substrate U, k 2 = 2.40×106 sec-1.
Calculate the catalytic efficiency with S, T, and U.
Catalytic efficiency with S =
Catalytic efficiency with T =
Catalytic efficiency with U =
Does enzyme A use substrate S, substrate T, or substrate U with greater catalytic efficiency?
Fumerase catalyzes the conversion of fumerate to malate.
fumerate + H2O ⇋ malate
The turnover number, kcat, for fumerase is 8.00×102 sec-1. The Km of this enzyme for fumerate is 5.00×10-3 μmol mL-1.
a
In an experiment using 2.00×10-3 μmol·mL-1, what is Vmax?
Suppose you wanted to make a buffer of exactly pH 7.00 using KH2PO4 and Na2HPO4. If the final solution was 0.18 M in KH2PO4, you would need 0.25 M Na2HPO4. Now assume you wish to make a buffer at the same pH, using the same substances, but want the total phosphate molarity ([HPO42−]+[H2PO−4]) to equal 0.20 M. What concentration of the Na2HPO4 would be required?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - 2. Certain genetic diseases caused by defective...Ch. 18 - 3. How many ATPs are synthesized for every...Ch. 18 - 4. How many ATPs are synthesized for every...Ch. 18 - 5. Explain why defects in mitochondrial genes...Ch. 18 - 6. Deficiencies of the components of Complexes I,...Ch. 18 - 7. Calculate ?G°+ for the oxidation of free FADH2...Ch. 18 - 8. Show that the free energy change for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - 12. Under certain conditions, cytochrome c can...Ch. 18 - 13. Some anaerobic prokaryotes use nitrate (NO3?)...Ch. 18 - 14. Some anaerobic prokaryotes reduce elemental...Ch. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - 17. Bombarding a suspension of mitochondria with...Ch. 18 - 18. For the experimental system described in...Ch. 18 - 19. Consider the mitochondrial ADP-ATP...Ch. 18 - 20. What thermodynamic force drives the transport...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 22ECh. 18 - 23. Explain why compounds such as DNP increase...Ch. 18 - 24. What is the advantage of hormones activating a...Ch. 18 - 25. Describe the changes in [NADH]/[NAD+] and...Ch. 18 - 26. During cell signaling events that increase...Ch. 18 - 27. Activated neutrophils and macrophages (types...Ch. 18 - 28. Mutations in SOD arc associated with the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 29CQCh. 18 - 30. Sketch the O2-consuntption curves obtained for...Ch. 18 - Prob. 31CQCh. 18 - 32. For the mitochondrial membrane described in...Ch. 18 - 33. Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT)...Ch. 18 - 34. The antidiabetes drug metformin inhibits...Ch. 18 - 35. How do the P/O ratios for NADH differ in ATP...Ch. 18 - 36. How many protons are required to synthesize...Ch. 18 - 37. During dietary restriction, amino acids may be...Ch. 18 - Prob. 38CQCh. 18 - 39. In coastal marine environments, high...Ch. 18 - Prob. 40CQCh. 18 - 41. (a) A simplistic interpretation of the Q cycle...Ch. 18 - Prob. 42CQCh. 18 - MORE TO EXPLORE Anaerobic organisms produce ATP by...
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