Problem 18.1QQ Problem 18.2QQ: Consider the waves in Figure 17.8 to be waves on a stretched string. Define the velocity of elements... Problem 18.3QQ: When a standing wave is set up on a string fixed at both ends, which of the following statements is... Problem 18.4QQ Problem 18.5QQ: Balboa Park in San Diego has an outdoor organ. When the air temperature increases, the fundamental... Problem 18.1OQ: In figure OQ18.1 (page 566), a sound wave of wave-lenght 0.8 m divides into two equal parts that... Problem 18.2OQ: A string of length L, mass pet unit length , and tension T is vibrating at its fundamental... Problem 18.3OQ: In Example 18.1, we investigated an oscillator at 1.3kHz driving two identical side-by-side... Problem 18.4OQ Problem 18.5OQ: A flute has a length of 58.0 cm. If the speed of sound in air is 343 m/s, what is the fundamental... Problem 18.6OQ: When two tuning forks are sounded at the same time, a beat frequency of 5 Hz occurs. If one of the... Problem 18.7OQ: A tuning fork is known to vibrate with frequency 262 Hz. When it is sounded along with a mandolin... Problem 18.8OQ: An archer shoots an arrow horizontally from the center of the string of a bow held vertically. Alter... Problem 18.9OQ: As oppositely moving pulses of the same shape (one upward, one downward) on a string pass through... Problem 18.10OQ Problem 18.11OQ: Suppose all six equal-length strings of an acoustic guitar are played without fingering, that is,... Problem 18.12OQ: Assume two identical sinusoidal waves are moving through the same medium in the same direction.... Problem 18.1CQ Problem 18.2CQ: When two waves interfere constructively or destructively, is there any gain or loss in energy in the... Problem 18.3CQ Problem 18.4CQ: What limits the amplitude of motion of a real vibrating system that is driven at one of its resonant... Problem 18.5CQ Problem 18.6CQ: An airplane mechanic notices that the sound from a twin-engine aircraft rapidly varies in loudness... Problem 18.7CQ: Despite a reasonably steady hand, a person often spills his coffee when carrying it to his seal.... Problem 18.8CQ Problem 18.9CQ: Does the phenomenon of wave interference apply only to sinusoidal waves? Problem 18.1P: Two waves are traveling in the same direction along a stretched string. The waves are 90.0 out of... Problem 18.2P: Two wave pulses A and B are moving in opposite directions, each with a speed v = 2.00 cm/s. The... Problem 18.3P: Two waves on one string are described by the wave functions y1=3.0cos(4.0x1.6t)y2=4.0sin(5.0x2.0)t... Problem 18.4P: Two pulses of different amplitudes approach each other, each having a speed of v = 1.00 m/s. Figure... Problem 18.5P: A tuning fork generates sound waves with a frequency of 246 Hz. The waves travel in opposite... Problem 18.6P: The acoustical system shown in Figure OQ18.1 is driven by a speaker emitting sound of frequency 756... Problem 18.7P: Two pulses traveling on the same string are described by y1=5(3x4t)2+2y2=5(3x+4t6)2+2 (a) In which... Problem 18.8P: Two identical loudspeakers are placed on a wall 2.00 m apart. A listener stands 3.00 m from the wall... Problem 18.9P: Two traveling sinusoidal waves are described by the wave functions y1 = 5.00 sin [(4.00x 1 200t)]... Problem 18.10P: Why is the following situation impossible? Two identical loudspeakers are driven by the same... Problem 18.11P: Two sinusoidal waves on a string are defined by the wave functions... Problem 18.12P: Two identical sinusoidal waves with wavelengths of 3.00 m travel in the same direction at a speed of... Problem 18.13P: Two identical loudspeakers 10.0 m apart are driven by the same oscillator with a frequency of f =... Problem 18.14P Problem 18.15P: Two sinusoidal waves traveling in opposite directions interfere to produce a standing wave with the... Problem 18.16P: Verify by direct substitution that the wave function for a standing wave given in Equation 17.1,... Problem 18.17P: Two transverse sinusoidal waves combining in a medium are described by the wave functions y1 = 3.00... Problem 18.18P: A standing wave is described by the wave function y=6sin(2x)cos(100t) where x and y are in meters... Problem 18.19P: Two identical loudspeakers are driven in phase by a common oscillator at 800 Hz and face each other... Problem 18.20P Problem 18.21P: A string with a mass m = 8.00 g and a length L = 5.00 m has one end attached to a wall; the other... Problem 18.22P: The 64.0-cm-long string of a guitar has a fundamental frequency of 330 Hz when it vibrates freely... Problem 18.23P: The A string on a cello vibrates in its first normal mode with a frequency of 220 Hz. The vibrating... Problem 18.24P: A taut string has a length of 2.60 m and is fixed at both ends. (a) Find the wavelength of the... Problem 18.25P: A certain vibrating string on a piano has a length of 74.0 cm and forms a standing wave having two... Problem 18.26P: A string that is 30.0 cm long and has a mass per unit length of 9.00 103 kg/m is stretched to a... Problem 18.27P: In the arrangement shown in Figure P18.27, an object can be hung from a string (with linear mass... Problem 18.28P: In the arrangement shown in Figure P17.14, an object of mass m = 5.00 kg hangs from a cord around a... Problem 18.29P: Review. A sphere of mass M = 1.00 kg is supported by a string that passes over a pulley at the end... Problem 18.30P: Review. A sphere of mass M is supported by a string that passes over a pulley at the end of a... Problem 18.31P Problem 18.32P: Review. A solid copper object hangs at the bottom of a steel wire of negligible mass. The top end of... Problem 18.33P Problem 18.34P: The Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia, has the highest tides in the world. Assume in midocean and at the... Problem 18.35P: An earthquake can produce a seiche in a lake in which the water sloshes back and forth from end to... Problem 18.36P: High-frequency sound can be used to produce standing-wave vibrations in a wine glass. A... Problem 18.37P Problem 18.38P Problem 18.39P: Calculate the length of a pipe that has a fundamental frequency of 240 Hz assuming the pipe is (a)... Problem 18.40P: The overall length of a piccolo is 32.0 cm. The resonating air column is open at both ends, (a) Find... Problem 18.41P: The fundamental frequency of an open organ pipe corresponds to middle C (261.6 Hz on the chromatic... Problem 18.42P Problem 18.43P: An air column in a glass tube is open at one end and closed at the other by a movable piston. The... Problem 18.44P Problem 18.45P Problem 18.46P: A shower stall has dimensions 86.0 cm 86.0 cm 210 cm. Assume the stall acts as a pipe closed at... Problem 18.47P Problem 18.48P Problem 18.49P: As shown in Figure P17.27, water is pumped into a tall, vertical cylinder at a volume flow rate R =... Problem 18.50P: As shown in Figure P17.27, water is pumped into a tall, vertical cylinder at a volume flow rate R.... Problem 18.51P: Two adjacent natural frequencies of an organ pipe are determined to be 550 Hz and 650 Hz. Calculate... Problem 18.52P: Why is the following situation impossible? A student is listening to the sounds from an air column... Problem 18.53P: A student uses an audio oscillator of adjustable frequency to measure the depth of a water well. The... Problem 18.54P: An aluminum rod is clamped one-fourth of the way along its length and set into longitudinal... Problem 18.55P Problem 18.56P Problem 18.57P: In certain ranges of a piano keyboard, more than one string is tuned to the same note to provide... Problem 18.58P Problem 18.59P: Review. A student holds a tuning fork oscillating at 256 Hz. He walks toward a wall at a constant... Problem 18.60P: An A-major chord consists of the notes called A, C#, and E. It can be played on a piano by... Problem 18.61P: Suppose a flutist plays a 523-Hz C note with first harmonic displacement amplitude A1 = 100 nm. From... Problem 18.62AP: A pipe open at both ends has a fundamental frequency of 300 Hz when the temperature is 0C. (a) What... Problem 18.63AP Problem 18.64AP: Two strings are vibrating at the same frequency of 150 Hz. After the tension in one of the strings... Problem 18.65AP Problem 18.66AP: A 2.00-m-long wire having a mass of 0.100 kg is fixed at both ends. The tension in the wire is... Problem 18.67AP: The fret closest to the bridge on a guitar is 21.4 cm from the bridge as shown in Figure P18.67.... Problem 18.68AP Problem 18.69AP: A quartz watch contains a crystal oscillator in the form of a block of quartz that vibrates by... Problem 18.70AP: Review. For the arrangement shown in Figure P17.40, the inclined plane and the small pulley are... Problem 18.71AP Problem 18.72AP: Two speakers are driven by the same oscillator of frequency f. They are located a distance d from... Problem 18.73AP: Review. Consider the apparatus shown in Figure 17.15 and described in Example 17.4. Suppose the... Problem 18.74AP: Review. The top end of a yo-yo string is held stationary. The yo-yo itself is much more massive than... Problem 18.75AP: On a marimba (Fig. P18.75), the wooden bar that sounds a tone when struck vibrates in a transverse... Problem 18.76AP: A nylon siring has mass 5.50 g and length L = 86.0 cm. The lower end is tied to the floor, and the... Problem 18.77AP: Two train whistles have identical frequencies of 180 Hz. When one train is at rest in the station... Problem 18.78AP: Review. A loudspeaker at the front of a room and an identical loudspeaker at the rear of the room... Problem 18.79AP Problem 18.80AP Problem 18.81AP Problem 18.82AP: A standing wave is set up in a string of variable length and tension by a vibrator of variable... Problem 18.83AP: Two waves are described by the wave functions y1(x,t)=5.00sin(2.00x10.0t)y2(x,t)=10.0cos(2.00x10.0t)... Problem 18.84AP Problem 18.85AP: Review. A 12.0-kg object hangs in equilibrium from a string with a total length of L = 5.00 m and a... Problem 18.86AP: Review. An object of mass m hangs in equilibrium from a string with a total length L and a linear... Problem 18.87CP: Review. Consider the apparatus shown in Figure P18.87a, where the hanging object has mass M and the... Problem 18.88CP format_list_bulleted