Chapter 18, Problem 18.1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The role of water in the Arrhenius acid-base has to be explained..

Concept Introduction:

Arrhenius Acids and Bases:

Acid release hydrogen ion in water, base release hydroxide ions in water.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{HCl(aq) }\to {\text{H}}^{\text{+}}{\text{(aq) + Cl}}^{\text{-}}\text{(aq)}\mathrm{.................}\text{Acid}\\ \text{NaOH(aq) }\to {\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}{\text{(aq)+ OH}}^{\text{-}}\text{(aq)}\mathrm{...........}\text{Base}\end{array}$

An acid is a substance that produces hydronium ions, ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ when dissolved in water.

Explanation of Solution

According to Arrhenius definition, water plays the vital role in the classification acid and bases.

Water determines the acidic or basic character of the substances, because acid release hydrogen ion in water, base releases hydroxide ions in water.