Campbell Biology
Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18, Problem 18.1CR

Compare and contrast the roles of a corepressor and an inducer in negative regulation of an operon.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

To compare: The functions of a corepressor and an inducer in negative regulation of an operon.

Introduction: Gene regulation is the process through which the cells control the expression of genes. It controls genes that are expressed to form a specific functional protein depending on the cell type. There are mechanisms that control gene expression at different levels.

Explanation of Solution

Operon contains coding DNA sequences, regulatory DNA sequences, and the regulatory proteins. Regulatory proteins act as both activators (TURN ON) and repressors (TURN OFF) of genes.

The similarities between corepressor and an inducer in negative regulation of an operon are as follows:

  • Both are small molecules that bind to the repressor protein present in an operon, causing the repressor to change its shape.

The differences between the roles of a corepressor and an inducer in negative regulation of an operon are as follows:

CharacteristicsCorepressorInducer
Role in negative regulation of an operon

A corepressor binds to the repressor protein, activates it to bind to the operator, and thereby inhibits transcription.

For example, tryptophan acts as a corepressor in a trp operon.

The binding of an inducer to the repressor protein makes it inactive and allows transcription of operon genes.

For example, allolactose acts as an inducer in lac operon and binds to the lac repressor; hence, it cannot bind to the operator.

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You aim to test the hypothesis that the Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes inhibit each other's expression during limb development. With access to chicken embryos and viruses capable of overexpressing Tbx4 and Tbx5, describe an experiment to investigate whether these genes suppress each other's expression in the limb buds. What results would you expect if they do repress each other? What results would you expect if they do not repress each other?
You decide to delete Fgf4 and Fgf8 specifically in the limb bud. Explain why you would not knock out these genes in the entire embryo instead.
You implant an FGF10-coated bead into the anterior flank of a chicken embryo, directly below the level of the wing bud. What is the phenotype of the resulting ectopic limb?  Briefly describe the expected expression domains of 1) Shh, 2) Tbx4, and 3) Tbx5 in the resulting ectopic limb bud.

Chapter 18 Solutions

Campbell Biology

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