The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined. Concept introduction: The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

Question

The Concept of Aromaticity 21.15 State the number of 2p orbital electrons in each molecule or ion. (a) (b) (e) (f) (c) (d) (h) (i) DA (k) 21.16 Which of the molecules and ions given in Problem 21.15 are aromatic according to the Hückel criteria? Which, if planar, would be antiaromatic? 21.17 Which of the following structures are considered aromatic according to the Hückel criteria? ---0-0 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (h) H -H .8.0- 21.18 Which of the molecules and ions from Problem 21.17 have electrons donated by a heteroatom?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

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The Concept of Aromaticity 21.15 State the number of 2p orbital electrons in each molecule or ion. (a) (b) (e) (f) (c) (d) (h) (i) DA (k) 21.16 Which of the molecules and ions given in Problem 21.15 are aromatic according to the Hückel criteria? Which, if planar, would be antiaromatic? 21.17 Which of the following structures are considered aromatic according to the Hückel criteria? ---0-0 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (h) H -H .8.0- 21.18 Which of the molecules and ions from Problem 21.17 have electrons donated by a heteroatom?

1. Show the steps necessary to make 2-methyl-4-nonene using a Wittig reaction. Start with triphenylphosphine and an alkyl halide. After that you may use any other organic or inorganic reagents. 2. Write in the product of this reaction: CH3 CH₂ (C6H5)₂CuLi H₂O+

3. Name this compound properly, including stereochemistry. H₂C H3C CH3 OH 4. Show the step(s) necessary to transform the compound on the left into the acid on the right. Bri CH2 5. Write in the product of this LiAlH4 Br H₂C OH

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 122AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Corrosion of steel involves the reduction of Iron coupled with the oxidation of oxygen”.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “Salting roads in the winter has the added benefit of hindering the corrosion of steel”.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The authenticity of the given statements is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion. Corrosion in case of Iron is known as rusting. The process of corrosion leads to the destruction of the metal.

To determine: The authentication of the given statement, “The key to cathodic protection is to connect via a wire a metal more easily oxidized than Iron to the steel surface to be protected”.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Answer 27

Ch. 18 - What is a half-reaction? Why must the number of...Ch. 18 - Galvanic cells harness spontaneous...Ch. 18 - Table 17-1 lists common half-reactions along with...Ch. 18 - Consider the equation G = -nF. What are the four...Ch. 18 - The Nernst equation allows determination of the...Ch. 18 - What are concentration cells? What is in a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7RQ Ch. 18 - Prob. 8RQ Ch. 18 - What characterizes an electrolytic cell? What is...Ch. 18 - Sketch a galvanic cell, and explain how it works....

Solution Summary: The author explains the process of conversion of metal to its more stable chemical form like Hydroxide, Oxide or Sulphide is known as corrosion.

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Chapter 18 Solutions