Chapter 17.7, Problem 7AYLO

Summary Introduction

To discuss:

The differences between the cause, pathology, and treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Introduction:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disease that causes kidney failure, blindness, gangrene, and so forth. Diabetes is classified into two types, namely type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin dependent) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent). Diabetes affects the normal metabolic processes of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, which leads to hyposecretion or inaction of the hormone insulin. The signs and symptoms of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. The presence of diabetes is diagnosed by hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and ketonuria, obtained from the blood and urine samples.