ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
20th Edition
ISBN: 9781264303090
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 17.4, Problem 25AYP
Explain how the hormone-receptor complex can alter the G proteins on the inner surface of the plasma membrane. Which subunit of the G protein alters the activity of molecules inside the plasma membrane or inside the cell?
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Explain how the hormone-receptor complex can alter theG proteins on the inner surface of the plasma membrane.Which subunit of the G protein alters the activity ofmolecules inside the plasma membrane or inside the cell?
One such laboratory study investigated the binding of a hormone to three different receptor proteins in the cell membrane. The data collected are shown in the table below
1) Provide a brief explanation as to why ligand binding toproteins must be a reversible process.
2) Calculate the dissociation constant (Kd) for the hormone binding to each of the three proteins.
Signaling by soluble extracellular molecules can be classified as endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine. Describe how these three types of cellular signaling differ. Growth hormone is secreted from the pituitary, which is located at the base of the brain and acts through growth hormone receptors located on the liver. Is this an example of endocrine, paracrine, or autocrine signaling? Why?
Chapter 17 Solutions
ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
Ch. 17.1 - How does an endocrine gland differ from an...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 17.1 - In what ways does the nervous system differ from...Ch. 17.1 - Name and describe the four classes of chemical...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 17.2 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 17.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 17.2 - What effect does a bound hormone have on the...Ch. 17.2 - What are the two chemical categories of hormones?...Ch. 17.2 - Describe how the chemical nature of a hormone...
Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 11AYPCh. 17.2 - Why do organs regulated by protein hormones have...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 17.2 - Describe chronic, acute, and episodic patterns of...Ch. 17.3 - Describe and give examples of the three major ways...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 17.4 - What characteristics ofa hormone receptor make...Ch. 17.4 - What is down-regulation, and what may cause it to...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 17.4 - What are the two classes of hormone receptors? How...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 22AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 23AYPCh. 17.4 - What two ways can a membrane-bound receptor use to...Ch. 17.4 - Explain how the hormone-receptor complex can alter...Ch. 17.4 - List four intracellular mediators affected by G...Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 27AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 17.4 - Prob. 30AYPCh. 17 - Prob. 1RACCh. 17 - Prob. 2RACCh. 17 - Which of these can regulate the secretion of a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4RACCh. 17 - Prob. 5RACCh. 17 - Concerning the half-lifeof hormones, a....Ch. 17 - Prob. 7RACCh. 17 - Prob. 8RACCh. 17 - Prob. 9RACCh. 17 - Prob. 10RACCh. 17 - Prob. 11RACCh. 17 - Which of these can limit a cell's response to a...Ch. 17 - Prob. 13RACCh. 17 - Prob. 14RACCh. 17 - When a hormone binds to a nuclear receptor a. DNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16RACCh. 17 - Prob. 1CTCh. 17 - Prob. 2CTCh. 17 - Prob. 3CTCh. 17 - Prob. 4CTCh. 17 - Prob. 5CTCh. 17 - Prob. 6CTCh. 17 - Thyroid hormones are important in regulating the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8CTCh. 17 - Prob. 9CT
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- Overexpression of this receptor in the cells of the adrenal gland causes Cushing's syndrome, a disease caused by the overproduction of cortisol. One strategy that scientists have employed to treat this disease is the use of small molecules that bind to, but do not activate, MC2R. This type of molecule is generically referred to as an antagonist. How can an antagonist bind to the same receptor as ACTH but not activate it? O a. The antagonist can bind covalently while ACTH binds non-covalently O b. The antagonist is only partially complimentary to the binding pocket of MC2R O The antagonist binds to ACTH and blocks it from binding to the receptor properly O d. The antagonist is the exact same structure as ACTH but since it is synthetic it doesn't work One cause of Cushing's syndrome is the inappropriate production of GPCRS in the adrenal gland that are not normally present in those cells. When these receptors are activated they result in the production of cortisol. Which statement about…arrow_forwardWhat characteristics of a hormone receptor make itspecific for one type of hormone?arrow_forwardRecently, a Gα q-coupled receptor was discovered that mediates at least some of the many activities of estrogen. At the time, this discovery generated considerable controversy, as it ran counter to what was then the understanding of how steroid hormone signaling worked. Which of the following observations might have led the investigators to suspect the existence of this newly discovered receptor? A. Activities of estrogen apparent less than 1 minute after application of the hormone B. The growth promoting activity of estrogen C. The presence of estrogen nuclear receptors in cells not previously known to respond to the hormone D. Estrogen is found in much higher concentrations in adult women than adult men E. Uptake of estrogen by target cellsarrow_forward
- Match each description with the appropriate receptorarrow_forwardIn a hypothetical cAMP-mediated signal transduction cascade, the GTP-αs/adenylate cyclase interaction following a single hormone–receptor binding event lasts for 2.3 seconds. The catalytic rate (turnover number) for the adenylate cyclase in question is 350 cAMP molecules produced per second. How many cAMP molecules would be produced if five hormone-receptor binding events were to occur before the hormone molecule dissipates in the bloodstream? What is the amplification effect of this step in the signaling pathway?arrow_forwardPlace the following events in the proper order to describe the production of a second messenger from a G-protein. 1. Dissociation of G alpha from the beta and gamma subunits in the G protein complex 2. Ligand interaction with the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) 3. Recruitment of a G protein to the GPCR and replacement of GDP with GTP on the G alpha subunit 4. Conformational change in the G alpha a subunit causing a decreased affinity for the beta and gamma subunits 5. Activation of an effector, such as adenylyl cyclase to make CAMP, by the active G alpha subunit OA. 4, 5, 1, 2, 3 OB. 4, 3, 2, 1, 5 OC-3, 2, 1, 5, 4 OD. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 OE. 2, 3, 4, 1,5 QUESTION 17 Kinases are essential in the cell because they directly OA. destroy IP3, turning off that signaling pathway. OB. phosphorylate proteins to cause conformational changes that change their activity. OC. directly activate translation. O D bind hydrophobic hormones in the cytoplasm to activate them. O E. bind and release calcium…arrow_forward
- Visit this link (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/hormonebind) to watch an animation of the events thatoccur when a hormone binds to a cell membrane receptor.What is the secondary messenger made by adenylyl cyclaseduring the activation of liver cells by epinephrine?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a G protein and a receptor tyrosine kinase? Give an example of a hormone that uses each.arrow_forwardLigand binding to proteins may occur with varying strengths; some ligands bind tightly to proteins while others bind less tightly. The strengths of reversible binding are determined experimentally by varying concentrations of ligands, and measuring the saturation of the protein in the various ligand concentrations. One such laboratory study investigated the binding of a hormone to three different receptor proteins in the cell membrane. The data collected are shown in the table below: 1) Provide a brief explanation as to why ligand binding to proteins must be a reversible process. 2) Calculate the dissociation constant (Kd) for the hormone binding to each of the three proteins.arrow_forward
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