Chapter 17.12A, Problem 17.21P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Fluoride works as a leaving group in the given nucleophilic aromatic substitution even though it is a poor leaving group in the ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{1}$ and ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}\text{2}$ mechanisms has to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the reactions in which there is a replacement of an atom or a functional group by another atom or a functional group.

The substitution reaction in which an electron seeking electrophile attacks an electron rich centre by replacing another electrophile is known as electrophilic substitution reaction. The substitution reaction in which a nucleus seeking nucleophile attacks an electron deficient centre by replacing another nucleophile is known as nucleophilic substitution reaction.