Human Anatomy (8th Edition) - Standalone book
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321883322
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Robert B. Tallitsch
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 6RC
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason due to which effects of parasympathetic stimulation are more localized and specific as compared to the sympathetic stimulation.
Introduction:
The PNS (parasympathetic nervous system) and SNS (sympathetic nervous system) are the subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system. The SNS generates “fight-or-flight” response. The PNS generates “rest-and-digest” function of the body. They serve same organ, but with different effects. In other words, one system stimulates a psychological response, whereas other hinders it.
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Why does the sympathetic division produce simultaneous effects throughout the body, in contrast to parasympathetic effects, which typically are localized to specific organs?
Why is Sympathetic action diffuse and long lasting while parasympathetic is localized and short lived?
List and describe the major effects of parasympathetic stimulation. Explain why sympathetic effectstend to be systemic and long lasting, while parasympathetic effects are local and short lived.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Human Anatomy (8th Edition) - Standalone book
Ch. 17 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 3RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 4RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 5RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 6RFTCh. 17 - Match each numbered item with the most closely...Ch. 17 - Prob. 8RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 9RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 10RFT
Ch. 17 - Visceral motor neurons in the CNS (a) are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 13RFTCh. 17 - Prob. 14RFTCh. 17 - The neurotransmitter at all synapses and...Ch. 17 - Prob. 16RFTCh. 17 - 17. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18RFTCh. 17 - Postganglionic fibers of autonomic neurons are...Ch. 17 - The white ramus communicans a. carries the...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1RCCh. 17 - Prob. 2RCCh. 17 - Prob. 3RCCh. 17 - Prob. 4RCCh. 17 - Prob. 5RCCh. 17 - Prob. 6RCCh. 17 - 7. How do sympathetic chain ganglia differ from...Ch. 17 - 8. Compare the general effects of the sympathetic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9RCCh. 17 - Prob. 1CTCh. 17 - Prob. 2CTCh. 17 - Prob. 3CT
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- identify and describe the four basic pathways used in the sympathetic division.arrow_forwardWhy is sympathetic action diffuse and long lasting, while parasympathetic is local and short-lived? What would happen to body systems during a stressful situation if these characteristics were reversed?arrow_forwardCompare the primary mechanisms used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to clear or remove neurotransmitters? In other words, how do they terminate their neurotransmitter activity? How do they differ from each other? Question #2 Barbra Streisand, age 79, has asthma. We are considering an adrenergic drug for treatment. For Ms. Streisand, what are the drug advantages and diadvantages associciated with the use of ephedrine isoproterenol metaproterenol albuterol terbutaline Would her age be a factor in selecting the best drug? Explain. Question #3 Steven Seagal, age 69, has hypertension and asthma. We are considering treating him with an adrenergic blocker. What are the advantages and disadvantages for each of the drugs below to treat high blood pressure? doxazosin prazosin propranolol metoprolol atenolol acebutolol What needs to be included when teaching individuals suffering from high blood pressure about the use of an adrenergic blocker?arrow_forward
- How do the general effects of the sympathetic division differfrom those of the parasympathetic division?arrow_forwardWhere are the cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionicneurons located?arrow_forwardDescribe the four major ways by which sympathetic axonspass from sympathetic chain ganglia to effectors. Name fourabdominopelvic autonomic nerve plexuses.arrow_forward
- Indicate the results of sympathetic activation of the following structures: sweat glands, eye pupils, adrenal medullae, heart, bronchioles of the lungs, liver, blood vessels of vigorously working skeletal muscles, blood vessels of digestive viscera, salivary glands.arrow_forwardHow does the emergence of sympathetic preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord differ from the emergence of parasympathetic preganglionic fibers?arrow_forwardList and describe the major effects of sympathetic stimulation on the major organs. Describe thedifference between an adrenergic receptor and a cholinergic receptor. List the adrenergic receptortypes, and name where you would find them. State their primary function.arrow_forward
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