Chapter 17, Problem 59P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The amide formed by the reaction of butanoic acid, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ with ammonia should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Functional groups are the groups of atoms or atoms which are bonded with parent carbon chain in the organic molecule and are responsible for the physical and chemical properties of the compound. In organic chemistry, there are different functional groups such as carboxylic acid, alcohol, ester, or amide.

Amines are the organic compounds with general chemical formula of R-NH₂ or R-NH-R whereas carboxylic acids are the organic molecules with R-COOH as general chemical formula.

Answer to Problem 59P

The butanoic acid, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ reacts with ammonia ${\text{NH}}_{\text{3}}$ to form ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CONH}}_{\text{2}}$ (butanamide).

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of carboxylic acid with ammonia or amines forms amide molecules. It involves the formation of water molecule. In this reaction the amine nitrogen atom react with carbonyl carbon atom of carboxylic acid to form amide.

In the reaction of ammonia with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ , the −COOH and −NH₂ group take part to form water and amide molecule as given below;

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{COOH + NH}}_{\text{3}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CONH}}_2{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\\ \text{Butanoic acid + Ammonia }\stackrel{}{\to }\text{ Butanamide + water}\end{array}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The amide formed by the reaction of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Functional groups are the groups of atoms or atoms which are bonded with parent carbon chain in the organic molecule and are responsible for the physical and chemical properties of the compound. In organic chemistry, there are different functional groups such as carboxylic acid, alcohol, ester, or amide.

Amines are the organic compounds with general chemical formula of R-NH₂ or R-NH-R whereas carboxylic acids are the organic molecules with R-COOH as general chemical formula.

Answer to Problem 59P

The butanoic acid, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ reacts with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ to form ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{COHNCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ (N-ethylbutanamide).

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of carboxylic acid with ammonia or amines forms amide molecules. It involves the formation of water molecule. In this reaction the amine nitrogen atom react with carbonyl carbon atom of carboxylic acid to form amide.

In the reaction of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}$ with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ , the −COOH and −NH₂ group take part to form water and amide molecule as given below;

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{COOH + CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{NH}}_{\text{2}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CONHCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\\ \text{Butanoic acid + ethylamine }\stackrel{}{\to }\text{ N-ethylbutanamide + water}\end{array}$

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amide formed by the reaction of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ with ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\text{NH}$ should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Functional groups are the groups of atoms or atoms which are bonded with parent carbon chain in the organic molecule and are responsible for the physical and chemical properties of the compound. In organic chemistry, there are different functional groups such as carboxylic acid, alcohol, ester, or amide.

Amines are the organic compounds with general chemical formula of R-NH₂ or R-NH-R whereas carboxylic acids are the organic molecules with R-COOH as general chemical formula.

Answer to Problem 59P

The butanoic acid, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ reacts with ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\text{NH}$ to form N, N-diethylbutanamide.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of carboxylic acid with ammonia or amines forms amide molecules. It involves the formation of water molecule. In this reaction the amine nitrogen atom react with carbonyl carbon atom of carboxylic acid to form amide.

In the reaction of ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\text{NH}$ with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ , the −COOH and −NH₂ group take part to form water and amide molecule as given below;

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{COOH + (CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}\text{NH }\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CON(CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\\ \text{Butanoic acid + N,N-diethylamine }\stackrel{}{\to }\text{ N,N-diethylbutanamide + water}\end{array}$

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The amide formed by the reaction of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NHCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Functional groups are the groups of atoms or atoms which are bonded with parent carbon chain in the organic molecule and are responsible for the physical and chemical properties of the compound. In organic chemistry, there are different functional groups such as carboxylic acid, alcohol, ester, or amide.

Amines are the organic compounds with general chemical formula of R-NH₂ or R-NH-R whereas carboxylic acids are the organic molecules with R-COOH as general chemical formula.

Answer to Problem 59P

The butanoic acid, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ reacts with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NHCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ to form ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CON(CH}}_{\text{3}})({\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}})$ (N-ethyl-N-methylbutanamide).

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of carboxylic acid with ammonia or amines forms amide molecules. It involves the formation of water molecule. In this reaction the amine nitrogen atom react with carbonyl carbon atom of carboxylic acid to form amide.

In the reaction of ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NHCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ with ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ , the −COOH and −NH₂ group take part to form water and amide molecule as given below;

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{COOH + CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NHCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CON(CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)(CH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}){\text{+ H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\\ \text{Butanoic acid + N-ethyl-N-methylamine }\stackrel{}{\to }\text{ N-ethyl-N-methylbutanamide + water}\end{array}$