Chapter 17, Problem 47P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The route that can reasonably be expected to convert the starting material into the final product of the given reactions is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired electron, which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

Ozonolysis is a process in which the given alkene is cleaved with ozone.

$\text{E2}$ reactions are the reactions that are known for bimolecular elimination. It is single step elimination.

The rate of reaction in $\text{E2}$ reactions depends on the concentration of both, reactants and the base.

The organic reaction in which conversion of an alkyl halide (primary or secondary) and a ketone or aldehyde, into an olefin takes place, using triphosphine and a base species, is known as Witting reaction.

DIBAL is a strong and bulky reducing agent.