Concepts of Biology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168116
Author: Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 17, Problem 3ACQ
Figure 17.17 The Rh antigen is found on Rh-positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?
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Figure 17.17 The Rh antigen is found on Rh-positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?
When a mother is Rh-, there is a chance the baby may have hemolytic disease of Newborns. Rh+
mothers do not have this issue.
Why? Rh- moms do not have the Rh antigen in their body. A Rh- mom can have a Rh+ baby
depending on the male sperm. During pregnancy, Rh- mom can be exposed to her baby's Rh
antigen.
Let's look at figure a) the first pregnancy. The Rh- mom is pregnant with a Rh+ baby. The baby
exposes the mom to Rh antigen during pregnancy. This first baby is delivered and is ok.
Figure (b) between pregnancies, the mother is exposed to the foreign antigen Rh and she makes
antibodies against Rh. She now has anti-D (anti-Rh) in her body.
Figure (c) her second pregnancy with a Rh+ baby. On the next pregnancy that the mom has with a
baby. The mom has the anti-D (anti-Rh) antibody in her system. The antibody will attack the
baby's RBCS with the Rh antigen on it.
When the baby's RBC's are attacked the RBC will hemolyse (hemo=RBC; Lysis=cut). This will
result in severe anemia. The lysed…
Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the immunological incompatibility between mother and baby?
Select one:
a. The baby’s Rh+ blood will never get in contact with the mother’s Rh– blood during the pregnancy as the placenta does not allow fetal blood cells to mix with the maternal blood.
b. When the mother has Rh– blood, anti-Rh antibody injection is given during her pregnancy to prevent any antibodies from forming.
c. If the baby is Rh+ and the mother is Rh–, it does not pose a problem as long as this is the mother’s first pregnancy.
d. Rh– blood has no rhesus factor proteins and therefore will produce antibodies for the Rh factor when exposed to Rh+ blood.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Concepts of Biology
Ch. 17 - Figure 17.5 Which of the following statements...Ch. 17 - Figure 17.6 Influenza virus is packaged in a viral...Ch. 17 - Figure 17.17 The Rh antigen is found on...Ch. 17 - Which statement is true? a. A virion contains DNA...Ch. 17 - The viral ________ plays a role in attaching a...Ch. 17 - Which statement is true of viral replication? a....Ch. 17 - Which of the following is a barrier against...Ch. 17 - Although interferons have several effects, they...Ch. 17 - Which innate immune system component uses MHC...Ch. 17 - The humoral immune response depends on which...
Ch. 17 - The fact that the body does not normally mount an...Ch. 17 - Foreign particles circulating in the blood are...Ch. 17 - Allergy to pollen is classified as _______. a. an...Ch. 17 - A potential cause of acquired autoimmunity is...Ch. 17 - Autoantibodies are probably involved in ________....Ch. 17 - Why can’t dogs catch the measles?Ch. 17 - Why is immunization after being bitten by a rabid...Ch. 17 - Different MHC class I molecules between donor and...Ch. 17 - If a series of genetic mutations prevented some,...Ch. 17 - How do B and T cells differ with respect to...Ch. 17 - Why is the immune response after reinfection much...Ch. 17 - Some photographers develop a sensitivity to...
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- Figure 42.16 The Rh antigen is found on Rh positive red blood cells. An Rh-negative female can usually carry an Rh-positive fetus to term without difficulty. However, if she has a second Rh-positive fetus, her body may launch an immune attack that causes hemolytic disease of the newborn. Why do you think hemolytic disease is only a problem during the second or subsequent pregnancies?arrow_forwardWould a mother need RhoGAM again with a third Rh 1 fetus?arrow_forwardFor the following mechanism that is thought to contribute to maternal–fetal tolerance, state whether you would consider it to be an example of T cell tolerization, control of responses by regulatory lymphocytes, immune deviation or immune privilege: a) Tissues at the maternal–fetal interface are populated with non-professional APCs that lack costimulatory moleculesarrow_forward
- You find your vegan neighbor with her one-year-old daughter at the hospital where you are training as a medical student. She tells you that her daughter is not doing well after switching from breast milk to a solid diet, and has started to grow pale and is sleeping all the time. You find that her height and weight are way below normal. A blood test reveals the hyper segmentation of neutrophil cells, an indicator of bone marrow malfunction. You deduce that she has pernicious anemia, and refer her to an experienced doctor. Explain the development of anemia in this case, and propose a long term treatmentarrow_forwardFor the following mechanism that is thought to contribute to maternal–fetal tolerance, state whether you would consider it to be an example of T cell tolerization, control of responses by regulatory lymphocytes, immune deviation or immune privilege: a) Placental cells express FasL and can kill Fas-expressing maternal T cells.arrow_forwardYou have a patient with prostate cancer. The cancer causes blood vessels to weaken and burst. The patient has a dangerously low Hematocrit and needs a blood transfusion. When you test his blood for type, here are the results: Anti-A- agglutination, Anti-B- agglutination, Anti-Rh- no reaction. 1. List all blood types he can receive. When you enthusiastically suggest that blood transfusions will help him, he protests that his religious beliefs disallow him from accepting transfusions. You will need to find a way to help his own body both retain the blood he has, and make new blood. 2. Based only on what we've learned so far re: blood and endocrine, come up with hypotheses about how you could do each. 3. Propose a mechanism of how EPO might work: what cells might it target, would it enter them, and what sorts of proteins might it activate? (This question references endocrine: how hormones work, and why it matters if they are water-soluble or fat-solube) 4. There is a drug called…arrow_forward
- Why is it that Rh incompatibility can be a serious problem when anRh-negative mother is carrying an Rh-positive fetus, but ABOincompatibility between mother and fetus is usually no problem?That is, a type A mother can usually safely carry a type B fetus.(Hint: The antibodies produced by an Rh-negative mother againstthe Rh antigen are usually IgG, whereas the antibodies producedagainst the A or B antigens are IgM.) Because the Rh antigenobviously serves no vital function (most humans lack it), why do youthink it hasn’t been completely eliminated during human evolution?arrow_forwardSelect all the statements below that are true regarding hemolytic disease of the newborn. If a mother is Rh- and becomes sensitized with anti-Rh antibodies, all subsequent children will be affected Hemolytic disease of the newborn can only occur if the mother is Rh-. If an Rh- mother becomes sensitized, only her subsequent children with Rh+ blood will be affected If a mother is Rh- and her first child is Rh+, the child's RBCS will be attacked by the mother's antibodies.arrow_forwardFor the following mechanism that is thought to contribute to maternal–fetal tolerance, state whether you would consider it to be an example of T cell tolerization, control of responses by regulatory lymphocytes, immune deviation or immune privilege: a) When effector T cells are generated, Th2 responses dominate.arrow_forward
- The class of immunoglobulins which can cross the placenta is -arrow_forwardA woman who is Rh- mates with a man who is Rh+. Since the Rh+ is dominant, what would the fetus's Rh factor type be?A person who is Rh- can donate blood to other people who are either Rh+ or Rh-. However, an Rh+ person can only give blood to who? Please explain.arrow_forwardWhy might erythroblastosis fetalis occur when an Rh- mother becomes pregnant with a second Rh+ baby (after exposure to the previous Rh+ baby's blood)? A) Erythroblastosis fetalis can only occur when an Rh+ mother becomes pregnant with an Rh- baby. B) After primary exposure, if the Rh- mother has an Rh+ baby, then antibodies the mom produces can cross the placenta and attack the baby's blood. C) The Rh- mother always produces antibodies to the Rh+ blood, so erythroblastosis fetalis is a condition that can happen to any Rh+ baby (first or subsequent).arrow_forward
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